Examining Time and Nutrient Dependent Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Energy Metabolism in Adults with Overweight and Obesity

检查有氧运动对超重和肥胖成人能量代谢的时间和营养依赖性影响

• 批准号: 10886945
• 负责人: Seth A Creasy
• 金额: $ 68.34万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10886945
• 关键词: Acclimatization; Acute; Adult; Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Blood; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Body Weight Changes; Body Weight decreased; Body mass index; Catecholamines; Clinical Data; Controlled Study; Cross-Over Studies; Data; Data Set; Diet; Eating; Energy Metabolism; Enrollment; Exercise; Fasting; Fatty Acids; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Feasibility Studies; Future; Glycogen; Heart Rate; Hormonal; Hour; Indirect Calorimetry; Inpatients; Intervention; Investigation; Literature; Macronutrients Nutrition; Measurement; Measures; Metabolic; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolism; Motivation; Mus; Nonesterified Fatty Acids; Nutrient; Obesity; Overweight; Participant; Pathway interactions; Physical activity; Pilot Projects; Plasma; Public Health; Randomized; Regulation; Research; Research Design; Rodent Model; Running; Schedule; Series; Sleep; Time; Tissues; VO2max; Visit; Weight; Workload; amino acid metabolism; beta-Hydroxybutyrate; efficacy testing; energy balance; exercise adherence; exercise training; improved; lipid metabolism; metabolomics; optimal treatments; oxidation; physiologic stressor; pre-clinical; preclinical study; public health priorities; response; secondary analysis; sedentary; sedentary lifestyle; success; total energy expenditure

PROJECT SUMMARY & ABSTRACT Does time of day of exercise and nutrient status prior to exercise affect the 24-hour (h) metabolic response? The objective of this proposal is to determine the effect of aerobic exercise performed in the morning (AM) or evening (PM) under fasted and fed conditions on 24h energy expenditure (EE), substrate oxidation, hormonal profiles, and key metabolites in adults with overweight and obesity. Nearly two-thirds of US adults who attempt to lose weight engage in exercise as a primary strategy. However, weight loss from exercise alone is highly variable and less than predicted. Thus, strategies to enhance weight and fat loss from aerobic exercise are desperately needed. Two promising strategies that may help to promote fat loss are exercising in the morning and exercising while fasted. Our preliminary data, as well as others’ data, suggest that morning exercise promotes greater fat loss, and this enhanced fat loss may be due to increased EE and fat oxidation. Further, engaging in aerobic exercise in the post-absorptive state (fasted) has been shown to increase fat oxidation, free fatty acid mobilization, transient energy deficit, and β-hydroxybutyrate concentration compared to post-prandial (fed) exercise. These clinical data are supported by several recent preclinical studies delineating the energetic responses to AM vs. PM exercise in rodent models. Importantly, AM exercise favors fatty acid and amino acid metabolism while PM exercise enriches glycolytic pathways. One limitation of these preclinical investigations is that nutrient status prior to exercise (fasted vs. fed) was not controlled and evaluated. Nutrient status affects subsequent energy metabolism with fasted exercise promoting glycogen depletion and fatty acid mobilization. Therefore, fasted AM exercise may be the optimal treatment paradigm for promoting fat loss. However, a rigorously controlled study examining the effect of both exercise timing and nutrient status during exercise on 24h energy metabolism is needed. In the proposed study, adults with overweight or obesity will complete a baseline, no-exercise control visit, followed by 4 exercise conditions (Fasted-AM, Fed-AM, Fasted-PM, Fed- PM) in a randomized order, separated by a 2-5 week washout period. Each condition will include an acclimation period, eucaloric and macronutrient-controlled diet, and control of physical activity, sleep, and meal timing. This study will measure 24h components of EE and substrate oxidation using whole-room indirect calorimetry (Aim 1) and untargeted and targeted plasma metabolites and hormonal/energy profiles (Aim 2). Plasma metabolites and hormonal/energy profiles will be examined using serial blood draws immediately following exercise every 1- 2h across the 24h in-patient visit. The central hypothesis is that fasted AM exercise will result in the most robust metabolic response that is optimal for fat and weight loss followed by Fasted-PM, Fed-AM, Fed-PM, respectively. The study is significant as it could identify a practicable strategy to enhance weight and fat loss. Further, findings from this study could identify the “optimal metabolic response” for exercise treatment of other metabolic diseases.

项目概要和摘要 运动时间和运动前的营养状况是否影响24小时代谢反应？的 本建议的目的是确定在早晨（AM）或晚上进行的有氧运动的效果 (PM)在禁食和进食条件下，对24小时能量消耗（EE）、底物氧化、激素谱， 以及超重和肥胖的成年人的关键代谢物。近三分之二的美国成年人试图失去 把锻炼作为主要策略。然而，仅仅通过运动减肥是非常可变的 比预期的要少因此，从有氧运动中增强体重和脂肪损失的策略是绝望的。 needed.两个有希望的策略，可能有助于促进脂肪损失是在早上锻炼和锻炼 而禁食。我们的初步数据，以及其他人的数据表明，晨练促进更大的脂肪 这种增强的脂肪损失可能是由于EE和脂肪氧化增加。此外，参与有氧运动 在吸收后状态（禁食）下的运动已被证明可以增加脂肪氧化、游离脂肪酸 与餐后（进食）相比的动员、瞬时能量不足和β-羟基丁酸酯浓度 锻炼的这些临床数据得到了最近几项临床前研究的支持，这些研究描绘了能量代谢的过程。 在啮齿动物模型中对上午与下午运动的反应。重要的是，上午运动有利于脂肪酸和氨基酸 PM运动丰富了糖酵解途径。这些临床前研究的一个局限性是 运动前的营养状况（禁食与进食）没有得到控制和评估。营养状况影响 随后的能量代谢与禁食运动促进糖原消耗和脂肪酸动员。 因此，空腹AM运动可能是促进脂肪减少的最佳治疗范例。但 严格对照研究，检查运动时间和运动期间营养状况对 需要24小时能量代谢。在这项研究中，超重或肥胖的成年人将完成一项 基线，无运动对照访视，随后是4种运动条件（空腹-上午，空腹-上午，空腹-下午，空腹-下午， PM），间隔2-5周的洗脱期。每种条件将包括适应 周期，正常热量和大量营养素控制的饮食，以及身体活动，睡眠和用餐时间的控制。这 研究将使用全室间接量热法（Aim）测量EE和底物氧化的24小时组分 1)以及非靶向和靶向血浆代谢物和激素/能量谱（Aim 2）。血浆代谢物 和激素/能量概况将使用运动后立即进行的连续抽血检查，每隔1- 24小时住院访视中的2小时。核心假设是，空腹上午运动将导致最强大的 代谢反应，这是最佳的脂肪和体重减轻，其次是Fasted-PM，Fed-AM，Fed-PM分别。 这项研究意义重大，因为它可以确定一个切实可行的策略，以加强体重和脂肪的损失。此外，调查结果 从这项研究可以确定“最佳代谢反应”的运动治疗其他代谢疾病。