Technology for MR brain monitoring

项目摘要/摘要：磁共振脑部监测技术 磁共振成像(MRI)已经成为无可争议的检测标准 自40多年前成立以来，该中心一直致力于神经系统疾病和损伤的诊断。代价是， 然而，MRI扫描仪的重量、大小和维护需求通常会使其在某些情况下无法使用 可能需求最大的地点-包括急诊科、神经科重症监护室 护理病房(ICU)、手术室、运动场、战场、农村医疗保健场所和救护车。 这种情况已经开始随着低场“看护点”扫描仪的出现而改变，比如 由我们团队和其他人开发的。尽管如此，即使是这些移动设备也不是被设计成 病人监护设备，类似于脉搏血氧仪的使用方式。需要一种新的方法来创建 一个使用核磁共振技术的真正的“大脑监测器”。 在这项工作中，建立在我们的概念验证原型7公斤的大脑监视器，“MR帽”来开发 评估一种廉价的设备，这种设备可以部署在患者床边，而不是床边。 一旦就位，该设备可以定期获取成像信息，并向护理团队发出警报 与颅内压升高或出血相关的变化。为了实现这一点，我们放松 磁场强度和均匀性限制，以实现轻便、永磁体设计 (我们的原型是7公斤)，可以由一个没有冷冻机或动力的关节手臂握住 消费。我们实现了图像编码，消除了繁重、耗电的读出 通过使用内置的梯度，不需要额外的功率，也不会产生任何声学噪音。 我们提出了无源和主动的外部干扰抑制方法，以消除对 屏蔽室。我们将验证扫描仪监测和检测大脑质量效应的能力 急诊室和重症监护室。

Project Summary/Abstract: Technology for MR brain monitoring Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been the undisputed standard of care for the detection and diagnosis of neurological disorders and injuries since its inception over 4 decades ago. The cost, weight, size, and maintenance needs of MRI scanners, however, typically precludes their use in some locations with perhaps the greatest need - including Emergency Departments, Neurological Intensive Care Units (ICUs), surgical suites, sports fields, battlefields, rural healthcare sites, and ambulances. This has started to change with the emergence of low-field “point-of-care” scanners, such as those developed by our group and others. Still, even these mobile units are not designed to be used as a patient monitoring device akin to how a pulse-oximeter is used. A new approach is needed to create a true “brain monitor” using MRI. In this work, build on our proof-of-concept prototype 7 kg brain monitor, the “MR Cap” to develop and evaluate an inexpensive device that can be deployed, not bedside, but within the patient bed. Once in place, the device can acquire imaging information at regular intervals and alert the care team to changes associated with increased intracranial pressure or hemorrhage. To achieve this, we relax magnetic field strength and homogeneity constraints to allow lightweight, permanent magnet designs (our prototype is 7 kg) that can be held by an articulating arm with no cryogens or power consumption. We achieve image encoding and eliminate the heavy, power consuming readout gradient by using a built-in gradient requiring no additional power and producing no acoustic noise. We propose passive and active external interference mitigation methods to eliminate the need for a shielded room. We will validate the scanners ability to monitor for and detect cerebral mass effects in the ED and ICU.