Technology for MR brain monitoring

项目摘要/摘要：MR脑部监测技术 磁共振成像 (MRI) 已成为无可争议的检测护理标准 自四十多年前成立以来，一直致力于神经系统疾病和损伤的诊断和诊断。成本， 然而，MRI 扫描仪的重量、尺寸和维护需求通常妨碍它们在某些领域的使用 也许最需要的地点 - 包括急诊科、神经重症监护室 护理病房 (ICU)、手术室、运动场、战场、农村医疗场所和救护车。 随着低场“护理点”扫描仪的出现，这种情况已经开始改变，例如 由我们小组和其他人开发。尽管如此，即使这些移动设备也不是设计来用作 患者监护设备类似于脉搏血氧计的使用方式。需要一种新的方法来创建 使用 MRI 的真正“大脑监视器”。 在这项工作中，我们以我们的概念验证原型 7 公斤大脑监视器“MR Cap”为基础来开发 并评估一种可以部署在病床上而不是床边的廉价设备。 一旦就位，该设备可以定期获取成像信息并提醒护理团队 与颅内压升高或出血相关的变化。为了实现这一目标，我们放松 磁场强度和均匀性约束，以实现轻量级永磁体设计 （我们的原型重 7 公斤）可以通过关节臂固定，无需冷冻剂或电源 消费。我们实现了图像编码并消除了繁重、耗电的读出 通过使用内置梯度来实现梯度，不需要额外的功率并且不产生噪音。 我们提出了被动和主动的外部干扰缓解方法，以消除对 屏蔽室。我们将验证扫描仪监测和检测脑质量影响的能力 急诊科和重症监护室。

Project Summary/Abstract: Technology for MR brain monitoring Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been the undisputed standard of care for the detection and diagnosis of neurological disorders and injuries since its inception over 4 decades ago. The cost, weight, size, and maintenance needs of MRI scanners, however, typically precludes their use in some locations with perhaps the greatest need - including Emergency Departments, Neurological Intensive Care Units (ICUs), surgical suites, sports fields, battlefields, rural healthcare sites, and ambulances. This has started to change with the emergence of low-field “point-of-care” scanners, such as those developed by our group and others. Still, even these mobile units are not designed to be used as a patient monitoring device akin to how a pulse-oximeter is used. A new approach is needed to create a true “brain monitor” using MRI. In this work, build on our proof-of-concept prototype 7 kg brain monitor, the “MR Cap” to develop and evaluate an inexpensive device that can be deployed, not bedside, but within the patient bed. Once in place, the device can acquire imaging information at regular intervals and alert the care team to changes associated with increased intracranial pressure or hemorrhage. To achieve this, we relax magnetic field strength and homogeneity constraints to allow lightweight, permanent magnet designs (our prototype is 7 kg) that can be held by an articulating arm with no cryogens or power consumption. We achieve image encoding and eliminate the heavy, power consuming readout gradient by using a built-in gradient requiring no additional power and producing no acoustic noise. We propose passive and active external interference mitigation methods to eliminate the need for a shielded room. We will validate the scanners ability to monitor for and detect cerebral mass effects in the ED and ICU.