GNOTOBIOTIC RATS TO STUDY BREAST VERSUS FORMULA MILKS

在第一天到第三天，无菌大鼠(4组，每性别6只)将被接种 用母乳喂养的婴儿的粪便。每组人将被安置在一个单独的 正压隔离器。从第一天开始，动物将喂食以下食物； 1)母乳，2)安非他明(TM)配方奶粉，3)安非他明(TM)牛奶 配方中添加低聚果糖(FOS：5%wt/wt)和4 标准的食物。在第1天(播种前)、第5天、第9天和第13天新鲜排出的粪便 从每只动物身上收集双歧杆菌、乳杆菌 和梭状芽胞杆菌将被种植和计数。到了第17天，老鼠就会 被杀了。它们的后肠内容物将被取出并进行如下测试：1) PH，2)水含量，3)细菌细胞脂肪酸，4)短链 脂肪酸，5)胆汁酸代谢6)中性固醇代谢，7)4 细菌酶(β-葡萄糖苷酶、β-糖苷酶、偶氮还原酶和 硝基还原酶)和8)对10个关键物种的定量PCR探测，以及 最后，在选择性和/或差异培养基上进行细菌计数。 FOS将配方奶喂养的菌群转化为更理想的母乳喂养的情况如何 对口单位将通过比较结果进行评估。 拟议的商业应用；接种人类粪便的无菌大鼠， 将被用作体内系统来筛查任何 口服的化合物，从婴儿配方奶粉到牛油，来自 从抗生素到纤维。

On days 1 to 3 germfree rats (4 groups, 6 per sex per group) will be seeded with feces from breast fed babies. Each group will be housed in a separate positive pressure isolator. From day 1 animals will be fed the following; 1) human breast milk, 2) Enfamil(tm) milk formula, 3) Enfamil(tm) milk formula supplemented with fructooligosaccharides (FOS: 5% wt/wt) and 4) standard chow. On days 1 (pre-seeding), 5, 9 and 13 freshly voided feces from each animals will be collected and the bifidobacteria, lactobacilli and clostridian will be grown and counted. On day 17 the rats will be killed. Their hindgut contents will be removed and tested as follows: 1) pH, 2) percent water, 3) bacterial cellular fatty acids, 4) short chain fatty acids, 5) bile acid metabolism 6) neutral sterol metabolism, 7) four bacterial enzymes (beta glucosidase, beta glycosidase, azoreductase and nitroreductase) and 8) quantitative PCR probing for 10 key species, and lastly, 9) bacterial counts on a 12 selective and/or differential media. How well FOS convert a formula-fed flora to its more desirable breast-fed counterpart will be assessed by comparing the results. PROPOSED COMMERCIAL APPLICATION; Germfree rats seeded with human feces, from an infant or an adult, will be used as an in vivo system to screen any orally ingested compound, from infant milk formula to olestra, from antibiotics to fiber.