ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS AND HUMAN GENDER DEVELOPMENT

子宫内和哺乳期暴露对妊娠结局影响的研究 调节温室气体的污染物在很大程度上局限于 认知发展 这些研究的结果变量为 没有选择对潜在的性功能调节敏感的 这些物质的影响。 拟议的流行病学研究评估了 早期发育暴露于环境中的行为后遗症 有毒物质对人类行为的影响，表现出与性别有关的变化。 的 研究设计利用已建立的受试者队列（纽约州 垂钓者队列研究），以评估 短期和长期食用受污染的运动鱼类 对成年人及其后代的健康影响。 生殖结局数据 包括详细提取母亲的住院分娩记录 食用了不同数量的受污染鱼类的人 1986年至1991年间出生的3,365名子女。 大多数孩子都是 现在接近童年中期，使他们足够大，以评估一个 广泛的行为后遗症 本研究将按照以下方式进行： 由家长/监护人担任的邮寄问卷调查 孩子行为的告密者 目标行为领域 研究是那些在正常情况下表现出与性别有关的变化的研究 环境，包括儿童的性别角色行为，具体 学习障碍，利手，和精神病理学模式 症状关于母体长期接触受污染鱼类的信息- 可用于评估剂量反应效应。 这项拟议的问卷调查是一项 涉及深入发展调查的长期研究计划 包括神经心理学评估、结构化临床 采访，并更深入地暴露人物的性格 后代 这种深入的后续调查将包括 研究方法足以同时评估生物和 行为后遗症的社会环境解释。整体 该试点项目的目标是评估 有毒物质暴露（产前和产后）和行为结果 因为它们容易受到性激素生理学的干扰 在性分化过程的敏感时期， 浓度不会对母体产生毒性。

Studies on the influence of in utero and lactational exposure to hormone-modulating pollutants have largely been restricted to studies of cognitive development. Outcome variables in these investigations were not selected to be sensitive to the potential sex hormone-modulating effects of these substances. The proposed epidemiologic study assesses the behavioral sequelae of early developmental exposure to environmental toxicants on human behaviors that exhibit gender-related variation. The study design utilizes an established cohort of subjects (New York State Angler Cohort Study) assembled to assess the association between consumption of contaminated sport fish on both short- and long-term health effects in adults and their offspring. Reproductive outcome data including detailed abstraction of hospital delivery records for mothers who had consumed varying quantities of contaminated fish are available for 3,365 offspring born between 1986-91. The majority of children are now approaching middle childhood, making them old enough to assess a broad spectrum of behavioral sequelae. The study is to be conducted as a postal questionnaire survey in which a parent/guardian serves as an informant of the child's behavior. The behavioral domains targeted for study are those which exhibit gender related variation under normal circumstances, including gender-role behavior of childhood, specific learning disabilities, handedness, and patterns of psychopathologic symptoms. Information on maternal exposure of contaminated fish, long- term and during pregnancy is available to assess dose-response effects. This proposed questionnaire survey represents the initial stage of a long-term research plan involving in-depth developmental investigations including neuropsychological assessments, structured clinical interviews, and more in-depth exposure characterization of the offspring. Such an in-depth follow-up investigation will incorporate research methods adequate to simultaneously evaluate both biological and social-environmental explanations of behavioral sequelae. The overall goal of this pilot project is to assess the relationship between toxicant exposures (pre-and postnatal) and behavioral outcomes selected because they are susceptible to perturbation of sex hormone physiology at sensitive periods of the sexual differentiation process and at concentrations that are not maternally toxic.