ALCOHOL'S ROLE IN AIDS RISK REDUCTION FOR YOUNG ADULTS

(修订) 描述(摘自申请者的摘要)：艾滋病毒/艾滋病在年轻人中的感染率仍然很高。尽管大学生知道艾滋病毒/艾滋病是如何传播的，但许多人仍在从事危险行为。有三项研究旨在探讨酒精在大学生从事危险行为决策中的作用。建议进行实验室研究，以便参与者可以随机分配到他们的饮料条件。在实验室会议之前，参与者完成一项调查，其中包括对他们自己的行为以及与醉酒时从事危险行为的可能性相关的态度和经历的测量(例如，通常的饮酒量、预期和态度)。每项实验室研究包括三个独立变量：1)参与者的性别，2)参与者的饮酒状况(醉酒、安慰剂、清醒)，以及3)与各种行为相关的风险程度。通过加入安慰剂细胞，可以比较酒精的预期作用和药理作用。将包括认知障碍和焦虑的测量，以检查假设的过程，以调节醉酒和参与危险行为的意愿之间的关系。在三项研究中，情况的风险程度在每一项研究中都有不同的可操作性。每项研究还使用了不同的刺激材料来增强研究结果的概括性。假设将在风险行为冲突最严重的情况下进行性别差异测试。这些研究的发现可以用来开发专门针对鼓励年轻女性和男性从事危险行为的因素的预防计划。

(Revised) DESCRIPTION (adapted from the applicant's abstract): HIV/AIDS rates remain high in young adults. Although college students are aware of how HIV/AIDS is transmitted, many continue to engage in risky behaviors. Three studies are proposed to examine the role of alcohol in college students' decisions about engaging in risky behavior. Laboratory studies are proposed so that participants can be randomly assigned to their beverage condition. Prior to the laboratory session, participants complete a survey that includes measures of their own behavior and attitudes and experiences related to likelihood of engaging in risky behavior when intoxicated (e.g., usual alcohol consumption, expectancies, and attitudes). Each laboratory study includes three independent variables: 1) gender of the participant, 2) participants' drink condition (Intoxicated, Placebo, Sober), and 3) degree of risk associated with various behaviors. By including a placebo cell, expectancy and pharmacological effects of alcohol can be compared. Measures of cognitive impairment and anxiety will be included to examine the processes hypothesized to mediate the relationship between intoxication and willingness to engage in risky behavior. Degree of risk in the situation is operationalized differently in each of the three studies. Each of the studies also uses different stimulus materials to enhance the generalizability of the findings. Hypotheses will be tested about gender differences in the types of situations that present the most conflict about risky behavior. These studies' findings can be used to develop prevention programs tailored to address factors that encourage young women and men to engage in risky behaviors.