权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Implications of Genomics Research on Racial Definition

基因组学研究对种族定义的影响

基本信息

批准号：
6644814
负责人：
SEYMOUR J GARTE
金额：
$ 7.78万
依托单位：
UNIV OF MED/DENT NJ-SCH OF PUBLIC HEALTH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-08-14 至 2004-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal addresses the question posed in the RFA for the ELSI program "Will continuing research in molecular biology and functional genomics affect how individuals and society view the relationship of humans to one another and to the rest of the living world?" Specifically, the purpose of this application is to address the impact of current and future knowledge of genetics and genomics on the scientific and cultural definition of race, an issue for the Human Genome Project (HGP). Results from increased knowledge about human gene sequences has led to the conclusion that division of the species according to racial lines is artificial, arbitrary and lacking in biological meaning. At the same time such information has demonstrated that at numerous loci, there is wide variation between allele frequencies in the total human population, and such variation is particularly obvious when comparing different racial groups. The purpose of this proposal is to develop scientific and philosophical tools to address and clarify the apparent racial genetics paradox, to better define the categorization of humans according to DNA sequence characteristics, and to provide more useful categories with respect to human genetic diversity as applied to biomedical research and clinical applications. It is anticipated that the results of these efforts will be of benefit in the new atmosphere of genome based definitions of individual characteristics. The specific aims are: to perform a thorough and complete analysis of the current published biomedical literature on genetic variation as a function of race or ethnicity combined with current and future data from the HGP, and other related projects. A new paradigm of gene-specific variation will be developed for a biomedically useful method of division of the human population into groups based on criteria different from current definitions of race.

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案解决了ELSI计划RFA中提出的问题：“分子生物学和功能基因组学的持续研究是否会影响个人和社会如何看待人类彼此之间以及人类与生活世界其他部分的关系？“具体而言，这项申请的目的是解决遗传学和基因组学的现有和未来知识对种族的科学和文化定义的影响，这是人类基因组计划的一个问题。人类基因序列知识的增加导致了这样一个结论，即根据种族线对物种进行划分是人为的、任意的，缺乏生物学意义。同时，这些信息表明，在许多基因座上，总人口中等位基因频率之间存在广泛的差异，并且当比较不同种族群体时，这种差异特别明显。这项建议的目的是开发科学和哲学工具，以解决和澄清明显的种族遗传学悖论，根据DNA序列特征更好地界定人类的分类，并提供适用于生物医学研究和临床应用的关于人类遗传多样性的更有用的类别。预计这些努力的结果将有益于基于基因组的个体特征定义的新氛围。具体目标是：对目前已发表的关于种族或民族遗传变异的生物医学文献进行全面和完整的分析，并结合HGP和其他相关项目的当前和未来数据。一种新的基因特异性变异的范例将被开发为一种生物医学上有用的方法，该方法基于与当前种族定义不同的标准将人类群体划分为不同的群体。