FMRI ANALYSIS OF IMPLICIT MEMORY IN NORMAL AGING

正常衰老过程中内隐记忆的 FMRI 分析

• 批准号: 6629848
• 负责人: DEBRA A FLEISCHMAN
• 金额: $ 44.13万
• 依托单位: RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-05-15 至 2005-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6629848
• 关键词: Alzheimer's disease; age difference; aging; behavior test; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; clinical research; cognition; frontal lobe /cortex; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human old age (65+); human subject; learning; memory; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; semantics; short term memory; visual stimulus; young adult human (21-34)

The goal of this proposal is to test a novel theory about the psychological and neural bases of age-related decline in repetition priming, a form of implicit memory. Recent reviews note a host of apparently contradictory findings concerning whether all or some forms of priming are preserved in normal aging. Traditional neuropsychological frameworks, such as the explicit/implicit or the perceptual/conceptual distinctions, appear unable to clarify these contradictions. Many of these findings may be accommodated by a theory that proposes that (1) the frontal-lobes make critical contributions to production, but not identification, forms of priming, and (2) frontal-lobe dysfunction is variable in normal aging. Normal old and Alzheimer's disease (AD) participants will be sampled from a single population and optimally and identically characterized along neurological and neuropsychological dimensions. They will be compared to a sample of young participants in a series of behavioral and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies that test the following specific hypotheses: 1) production forms of priming are reduced in old participants without clinical AD and further reduced in old participants with clinical AD, whereas identification forms of priming are not reduced in old participants with or without AD; 2) in old participants without clinical AD, production forms of priming are related to performance on cognitive tests that are known to be mediated by the frontal-lobes; 3) in young participants, production forms of priming make greater demands on frontal-lobe regions, measured by fMRI, than do identification forms of priming; and 4) in old participants without clinical AD, production forms of priming are related to fMRI measures of frontal-lobe function.

这项提议的目的是测试一个关于 心理和神经基础的年龄相关的下降，重复启动， 内隐记忆的形式。最近的评论指出， 关于是否所有或某些形式的启动被保存在 正常老化。传统的神经心理学框架，如 外显/内隐或感知/概念的区别，似乎无法 澄清这些矛盾。其中许多发现可以通过一个 一种理论，提出（1）额叶对 产生而非识别的启动形式;（2）额叶 功能障碍在正常衰老中是可变的。正常老年人和阿尔茨海默病 (AD)参与者将从单一人群中抽样， 沿着神经学和神经心理学维度具有相同的特征。 他们将与一系列年轻参与者的样本进行比较， 行为和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究， 具体假设如下：1）启动的产生形式减少 在无临床AD的老年受试者中， 与临床AD，而识别形式的启动并没有减少， 有或没有AD的老年参与者; 2）在没有临床症状的老年参与者中， 启动的产生形式与认知测验成绩有关 已知由额叶介导; 3）在年轻参与者中， 引发的产生形式对额叶区域有更大的要求， 通过fMRI测量，比识别形式的启动;和4）在老年人中， 没有临床AD的参与者，启动的产生形式与 额叶功能的功能磁共振成像测量。