AGING AND IMPLICIT MEMORY--EVIDENCE FROM LESION STUDIES

提出了一项为期五年的研究计划，旨在(1)进一步 刻画内隐记忆的功能神经结构 通过将特定的内隐记忆过程与 通过对局灶性脑脊髓炎患者的研究获得特定的神经系统 神经损伤，以及(2)检查这些系统中的处理过程 作为时间函数的变化和进行性多灶性疾病 对正常老年人和阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者的研究。近期 局灶性病变和AD患者的发现表明，可能存在 可分离的神经系统调节三种形式的内隐记忆和 可能有两个视觉内隐记忆系统。在研究1a中， 重复启动测试，被认为选择性地调用 这些内隐记忆系统，将被应用于患有 单发的脑部病变位于枕骨的局限性区域， 颞叶、顶叶或额叶新皮质。在患者身上表现出 信息性分离，将使用MRI协议，通过 三维重建和渲染分析，将允许 脑回解剖和Brodmann对病变的详细描述 区域。在研究1b中，枕叶局灶性病变的患者将 用来检验右枕叶调节和 一种保留特定形状的视觉内隐记忆 关于文字、图片和左枕叶的信息 一种保持分类记忆的联想视觉内隐记忆 有关文字和图片的信息。在研究2中，纵向研究 对AD患者的内隐记忆进行研究。在本研究中，AD组 患者和正常老年受试者将从单一的、健康的- 特征队列来检验广义假设，即隐含 在可分离的记忆系统中发生的处理将具有 在AD的整个过程中不同的变化率。

A five-year program of research is proposed that aims to (1) further characterize the functional neural architecture of implicit memory for words and objects by linking specific implicit memory processes to specific neural systems through studies of patients with focal neurological damage, and (2) examine how processing in these systems changes as a function of time and progressive multi-focal disease through studies of normal aged and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent findings with focal lesion and AD patients indicate that there may be separable neural systems that mediate three forms of implicit memory and that there may be two visual implicit memory systems. In Study 1a, repetition priming tests, thought to selectively invoke processing in these implicit memory systems, will be administered to patients with single brain lesions in circumscribed regions of either the occipital, temporal, parietal, or frontal neocortex. In patients who exhibit informative dissociations, an MRI protocol will be used that, through three-dimensional reconstruction and rendering analyses, will permit specification of the lesions in terms of gyral anatomy and Brodmann areas. In Study 1b, patients with focal occipital lobe lesions will be used to test the hypotheses that the right occipital lobe mediates and apperceptive kind of visual implicit memory that retains form-specific information about words and pictures and the left occipital lobe mediates an associative kind of visual implicit memory that retains categorical information about words and pictures. In Study 2, a longitudinal study of implicit memory in AD will be conducted. For this study, groups of AD patients and normal aged subjects will be selected from a single, well- characterized cohort to test the broad hypothesis that the implicit processing that occurs in dissociable memory systems will have differential rates of change across of the course of AD.