AGING AND IMPLICIT MEMORY--EVIDENCE FROM LESION STUDIES

衰老与内隐记忆——来自损伤研究的证据

• 批准号: 2699789
• 负责人: DEBRA A FLEISCHMAN
• 金额: $ 11.96万
• 依托单位: RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-05-01 至 2000-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2699789
• 关键词: Alzheimer's disease; aging; brain disorders; brain injury; cognition; diencephalon; frontal lobe /cortex; human old age (65+); human subject; longitudinal human study; magnetic resonance imaging; memory; memory disorders; neural information processing; neuropsychology; occipital lobe /cortex; parietal lobe /cortex; pathologic process; semantics; temporal lobe /cortex; visual perception

A five-year program of research is proposed that aims to (1) further characterize the functional neural architecture of implicit memory for words and objects by linking specific implicit memory processes to specific neural systems through studies of patients with focal neurological damage, and (2) examine how processing in these systems changes as a function of time and progressive multi-focal disease through studies of normal aged and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent findings with focal lesion and AD patients indicate that there may be separable neural systems that mediate three forms of implicit memory and that there may be two visual implicit memory systems. In Study 1a, repetition priming tests, thought to selectively invoke processing in these implicit memory systems, will be administered to patients with single brain lesions in circumscribed regions of either the occipital, temporal, parietal, or frontal neocortex. In patients who exhibit informative dissociations, an MRI protocol will be used that, through three-dimensional reconstruction and rendering analyses, will permit specification of the lesions in terms of gyral anatomy and Brodmann areas. In Study 1b, patients with focal occipital lobe lesions will be used to test the hypotheses that the right occipital lobe mediates and apperceptive kind of visual implicit memory that retains form-specific information about words and pictures and the left occipital lobe mediates an associative kind of visual implicit memory that retains categorical information about words and pictures. In Study 2, a longitudinal study of implicit memory in AD will be conducted. For this study, groups of AD patients and normal aged subjects will be selected from a single, well- characterized cohort to test the broad hypothesis that the implicit processing that occurs in dissociable memory systems will have differential rates of change across of the course of AD.

提出了一项为期五年的研究计划，旨在 (1) 进一步 表征内隐记忆的功能神经结构 通过将特定的隐式记忆过程链接到单词和对象 通过对局灶性患者的研究来了解特定的神经系统 神经损伤，以及（2）检查这些系统中的处理方式 随着时间和进行性多病灶疾病的变化 对正常老年人和阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 患者的研究。最近的 局灶性病变和 AD 患者的研究结果表明，可能存在 可分离的神经系统介导三种形式的内隐记忆和 可能存在两个视觉内隐记忆系统。在研究 1a 中， 重复启动测试，被认为有选择地调用处理 这些内隐记忆系统将被施用于患有以下疾病的患者 枕骨局限性区域的单个脑损伤， 颞叶、顶叶或额叶新皮质。在表现出 信息分离，将使用 MRI 协议，通过 三维重建和渲染分析，将允许 根据脑回解剖学和 Brodmann 规范病变 地区。在研究 1b 中，患有局灶性枕叶病变的患者将被 用于检验右枕叶介导的假设 保留特定形式的感知性视觉内隐记忆 有关文字和图片的信息以及左枕叶的调解 一种保留分类的联想视觉内隐记忆 有关文字和图片的信息。在研究 2 中，一项纵向研究 AD中的内隐记忆将被进行。在这项研究中，AD 组 患者和正常年龄的受试者将从单一的、良好的 特征队列来检验隐含的广泛假设 可分离记忆系统中发生的处理将具有 AD 过程中不同的变化率。