Comparative Microarray Sequencing of Chimpanzee genomes

黑猩猩基因组的比较微阵列测序

• 批准号: 6644535
• 负责人: DENNIS G BALLINGER
• 金额: $ 10.07万
• 依托单位: PERLEGEN SCIENCES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-06-06 至 2004-03-07
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6644535
• 关键词: Pan; biochemical evolution; genetic polymorphism; genome; hybrid cells; microarray technology; nucleic acid amplification techniques; nucleic acid sequence; oligonucleotides

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): With the finishing of the human genome sequence, there are fundamental reasons to sequence the chimpanzee genome. First, the chimpanzee provides an excellent animal model for biomedical research of human diseases. Identifying fixed sequence variants responsible for differential gene expression may explain the different physiological responses to shared diseases such as HIV, cancer and Alzheimer's disease. The 98-99% DNA sequence similarity and the near identity of proteins between human and chimpanzee suggest species-specific gene regulations likely account for their biological distinctiveness such as cranial morphology and cognition. Additionally, comparison of human and chimpanzee polymorphism rates and fixed differences across the genome will indicate regions in which selective pressure may play a role in maintaining genomic integrity. Such regions are candidates for further investigation of their biological roles. Finally, comparisons to other non-human primates would indicate the lineage of origin in fixed differences, pinpointing regions involved in distinguishing humans from chimpanzees. For these comparative sequence studies, an understanding of the intraspecific genetic variation found within chimpanzee populations is required. Perlegen's microarray technology allows rapid, economical, and accurate determination of where and what sequence differences exist in highly conserved regions between human and chimpanzee genomes.

描述（申请人提供）：随着人类基因组测序的完成，有必要对黑猩猩基因组进行测序。首先，黑猩猩为人类疾病的生物医学研究提供了极好的动物模型。确定负责差异基因表达的固定序列变体可以解释对共同疾病（如HIV、癌症和阿尔茨海默病）的不同生理反应。人类和黑猩猩之间98-99%的DNA序列相似性和几乎相同的蛋白质表明物种特异性基因调控可能解释了它们的生物学差异，如颅骨形态和认知。此外，比较人类和黑猩猩的多态性率和整个基因组的固定差异将表明选择压力可能在维持基因组完整性方面发挥作用的区域。这些区域是进一步研究其生物学作用的候选区域。最后，与其他非人类灵长类动物的比较将表明固定差异的起源谱系，精确定位区分人类和黑猩猩的区域。对于这些比较序列研究，需要了解黑猩猩种群内的种内遗传变异。Perlegen的微阵列技术可以快速，经济，准确地确定人类和黑猩猩基因组之间高度保守区域中存在的序列差异。