Active Life Expectancy by Sex, Race-Ethnicity, Education

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的项目将有助于澄清死亡率和功能健康联合收割机的过程，以确定美国51岁及以上人口的年龄，性别，种族和教育的总，活跃和非活跃预期寿命的差异。这将导致更多地了解不同功能状态下的寿命长短以及功能状态之间的过渡，鉴于老年人口即将增加，这将产生重要的政策影响，特别是增加对弱势群体特殊需要的了解。健康和退休研究（HRS）和医疗支出小组调查（MEPS）的数据将被应用。有足够的数据来研究西班牙裔，非洲裔美国人和非西班牙裔白人的差异。拟议项目将作出以下贡献。(1)评估不同年龄、性别、种族和教育群体的功能健康替代指标，以及指标类型对功能健康差异结论的影响。(2)根据1996-2002年的全国代表性数据，按年龄、性别、种族-民族和教育程度计算活跃预期寿命估计数。(3)根据包括中年人在内的纵向数据和西班牙裔人的单独估计数，提供第一次活跃预期寿命估计数。(4)通过比较传统面板和嵌入式马尔可夫链方法的结果，评估是否存在与访谈之间单一转换假设相关的偏倚证据，并检查基于两种方法的性别，种族-民族和教育群体的转换估计是否存在系统差异。(5)检查间期持续时间和功能状态错过的转换对根据上述两种方法的面板数据得出的活动预期寿命估计值的影响。(6)应用微观模拟和自举技术估计抽样变异和置信区间。由于样本包括婴儿潮一代（出生于1947年及更早）的个人数据，从拟议的研究中获得的信息将有助于规划即将到来的老年人口增长。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project will help to clarify the process by which mortality and functional health combine to determine differences in total, active and inactive life expectancy by age, gender, race-ethnicity and education for the U.S. population 51 years of age and older. It will lead to increased knowledge regarding the length of life spent in different states of function and transitions between functional states which have important policy implications given pending increases in the older population, and particularly toward an increased understanding of the special needs of disadvantaged groups. Data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) will be applied. Sufficient data are available to examine disparities for Hispanics, African Americans, and non-Hispanic whites. The proposed project will make the following contributions. (1) Evaluate alternate measures of functional health across age, sex, race-ethnicity and education groups, and the impact of the type of measure on conclusions regarding disparities in functional health. (2) Calculate estimates of active life expectancy by age, sex, race-ethnicity and education with nationally representative data from 1996-2002. (3) Provide the first estimates of active life expectancy based on longitudinal data that include persons in middle ages and separate estimates for Hispanics. (4) Evaluate whether there is evidence of bias associated with the assumption of a single transition between interviews by comparing results of traditional panel and embedded Markov chain methods, and examine whether there are systematic differences in estimates of transitions across sex, race-ethnicity and education groups based on the two methods. (5) Examine the impact of interval duration and missed transitions in functional status on estimates of active life expectancy derived from panel data under the two methods listed above. (6) Apply microsimulation and bootstrapping techniques to estimate sampling variation and confidence intervals. With the sample including data for individuals at the tip of the Baby Boom generation (born 1947 and earlier), the information derived from the proposed study will help to plan for the pending increases in the older population.