College Sports, Gender and Substance Use

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的研究结果表明，体育参与与青少年健康风险行为之间存在密切联系；例如，与同龄人相比，高中运动员使用非法药物、吸烟和自杀的风险较低，但酗酒和使用无烟烟草的风险较高。这些联系在许多方面是针对性别的；与非运动员相比，女性运动员报告的性风险更低，而男性运动员报告的风险更高。本R21应用程序将扩展本研究，探索运动参与对男女大学生物质使用和其他问题行为的影响，考察高中体育对青少年问题行为的纵向影响，并为未来的研究提供全面的运动参与新测量方法。提出了两种互补的研究策略。首先，将对家庭和青少年研究（FAAS）进行成本效益高的二级数据分析，这是一项对纽约西部青少年及其家庭（N=699）进行的为期六年的纵向研究，其中包括体育参与、酒精、烟草、大麻和其他物质使用、性冒险和抑郁的自我报告数据。其次，在FAAS研究结果的基础上，运动投入试点研究（AIPS）将利用焦点小组和问卷调查的方式对纽约西部的本科大学生运动员进行调查，以设计和试点测试新的、多维的运动投入测量方法。在最后一轮，AIPS将收集数据来检验关于高中和大学体育活动与药物使用、性冒险、抑郁和自杀之间的性别特定关系的假设。这项研究还将为理论驱动的R01提案的发展奠定基础，该提案将研究与体育参与、性别和物质使用相关的因素。该研究的总体目标是建立更有效的预防和干预策略，以减少青少年药物使用和其他相关的健康风险行为。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent research findings indicate strong associations between sports participation and adolescent health-risk behavior; for example, compared to their peers, high school athletes are at lower risk for illicit drug use, cigarette smoking, and suicide but at higher risk for binge drinking and smokeless tobacco use. These associations are in many respects gender-specific; female athletes report less sexual risk-taking than nonathletes, whereas male athletes report more. The present R21 application will extend this research to explore the effects of athletic involvement on substance use and other problem behaviors among female and male college students, examine the longitudinal effects of high school sports on young adult problem behavior, and create comprehensive new measures of athletic involvement for use in future research. Two complementary research strategies are proposed. First, cost-effective, secondary data analysis will be conducted on the Family and Adolescent Study (FAAS), a six-year longitudinal study of Western New York youth and their families (N=699) which includes self-report data on athletic participation as well as alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and other substance use, sexual risk-taking, and depression. Second, informed by findings from the FAAS, the Athletic Involvement Pilot Study (AIPS) will draw on focus group and questionnaire responses of Western New York undergraduate college student-athletes in order to design and pilot test new, multidimensional measures of athletic involvement. In its final round, the AIPS will collect data to test hypotheses about the gender-specific relationships between high school and college athletic involvement and substance use, sexual risk-taking, depression, and suicidality. This research will also serve as a basis for the development of a theory-driven R01 proposal examining factors associated with sports participation, gender, and substance use. The research has the overall aim of establishing more effective prevention and intervention strategies for reducing young adult substance use and other related health-risk behaviors.