College Sports, Gender and Substance Use

描述(由申请人提供)：最近的研究结果表明，参与体育运动与青少年健康风险行为之间存在很强的相关性；例如，与同龄人相比，高中运动员使用非法药物、吸烟和自杀的风险较低，但酗酒和使用无烟烟草的风险较高。这些关联在很多方面都是性别相关的；女性运动员报告的性风险比非运动员少，而男性运动员报告的性风险更多。本次R21的应用将扩展这项研究，以探索体育参与对男女大学生物质使用和其他问题行为的影响，考察高中体育对青少年问题行为的纵向影响，并创建综合的新的体育参与测量方法，用于未来的研究。提出了两种互补的研究策略。首先，将对家庭和青少年研究(FAAS)进行具有成本效益的次要数据分析，FAAS是对纽约西部青年及其家庭(N=699)进行的一项为期六年的纵向研究，其中包括关于运动参与以及酒精、烟草、大麻和其他物质使用、性风险和抑郁的自我报告数据。其次，根据FAAS的调查结果，田径参与试点研究(AIPS)将利用纽约西部本科生-运动员的焦点小组和问卷调查结果，以设计和试点测试新的、多维的体育参与衡量标准。在最后一轮，AIPS将收集数据，以测试关于高中和大学体育参与与药物使用、性风险、抑郁和自杀之间的性别特定关系的假设。这项研究也将作为开发理论驱动的R01提案的基础，该提案审查与运动参与、性别和物质使用相关的因素。这项研究的总体目标是建立更有效的预防和干预策略，以减少青少年药物使用和其他相关的健康危险行为。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent research findings indicate strong associations between sports participation and adolescent health-risk behavior; for example, compared to their peers, high school athletes are at lower risk for illicit drug use, cigarette smoking, and suicide but at higher risk for binge drinking and smokeless tobacco use. These associations are in many respects gender-specific; female athletes report less sexual risk-taking than nonathletes, whereas male athletes report more. The present R21 application will extend this research to explore the effects of athletic involvement on substance use and other problem behaviors among female and male college students, examine the longitudinal effects of high school sports on young adult problem behavior, and create comprehensive new measures of athletic involvement for use in future research. Two complementary research strategies are proposed. First, cost-effective, secondary data analysis will be conducted on the Family and Adolescent Study (FAAS), a six-year longitudinal study of Western New York youth and their families (N=699) which includes self-report data on athletic participation as well as alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and other substance use, sexual risk-taking, and depression. Second, informed by findings from the FAAS, the Athletic Involvement Pilot Study (AIPS) will draw on focus group and questionnaire responses of Western New York undergraduate college student-athletes in order to design and pilot test new, multidimensional measures of athletic involvement. In its final round, the AIPS will collect data to test hypotheses about the gender-specific relationships between high school and college athletic involvement and substance use, sexual risk-taking, depression, and suicidality. This research will also serve as a basis for the development of a theory-driven R01 proposal examining factors associated with sports participation, gender, and substance use. The research has the overall aim of establishing more effective prevention and intervention strategies for reducing young adult substance use and other related health-risk behaviors.