Ethnicity, Marriage, and Fertility in Kazakhstan

哈萨克斯坦的种族、婚姻和生育率

• 批准号: 6730930
• 负责人: VICTOR AGADJANIAN
• 金额: $ 7.48万
• 依托单位: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-07 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6730930
• 关键词: Commonwealth of Independent States; behavioral /social science research tag; birth; clinical research; female; fertility; human data; human population dynamics; human population study; induced abortion; marriage /marital status; politics; racial /ethnic difference; reproduction; sex behavior; socioeconomics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While it is widely acknowledged that dramatic political and economic upheavals can affect demographic choices and outcomes, the complexities of these effects are poorly understood. Ethnic and religious tensions that often accompany societal upheavals further complicate these effects. The proposed project will explore these complexities by analyzing how members of different ethnic groups in Kazakhstan have adapted their marital and reproductive behavior to the radical and multidimensional societal transformations produced by the reforms in the Soviet Union and its subsequent collapse, Kazakhstan's independence, and its transition from a centrally-planned to a market economy. Along with its numerous positive consequences, the post-Soviet transition in Kazakhstan has also increased socioeconomic inequalities and exacerbated insecurities of the majority of the country's population. In addition to socioeconomic challenges, independent Kazakhstan has experienced rising ethnic tensions, primarily between indigenous Kazakhs and descendents of European-origin settlers, and in recent years, a growing threat of Islamic fundamentalism. Although these economic and ethnoreligious challenges and their implications for migratory patterns and trends are often addressed in the literature, very little is known about how these challenges may have affected Kazakhstan's residents' preferences and choices regarding marriage and childbearing. Yet marriage and reproduction are important demographic mechanisms through which individuals adjust to changes in their environments. Moreover, population segments with different background characteristics and stakes in the ongoing societal transformations may engage these adjustment mechanisms differently. The outcomes of these adjustments are critical to society's viability and stability, especially in the case of such an ethnically and religiously divided country as Kazakhstan. The project will utilize data from the 1995 and 1999 Kazakhstan Demographic and Health Surveys (KDHS), combined with data from the recent decennial censuses and vital registration and health statistics to examine marital and reproductive dynamics, focusing in particular on ethnic differences in timing of first marriage, timing of marital births, and recourse to induced abortion. The proposed project will constitute a necessary initial step toward a more comprehensive study of sociodemographic adjustments to dramatic societal changes and will therefore lead to a subsequent NIH application.

描述(申请人提供)：虽然人们普遍认为剧烈的政治和经济动荡会影响人口选择和结果，但人们对这些影响的复杂性知之甚少。经常伴随着社会动荡的种族和宗教紧张局势使这些影响进一步复杂化。这个拟议的项目将通过分析哈萨克斯坦不同民族的成员如何使他们的婚姻和生殖行为适应苏联改革及其随后的解体、哈萨克斯坦的独立及其从中央计划经济向市场经济的过渡所产生的激进和多层面的社会变革，来探索这些复杂性。除产生许多积极后果外，哈萨克斯坦的后苏联过渡也加剧了社会经济不平等，加剧了该国大多数人口的不安全感。除了社会经济挑战外，独立的哈萨克斯坦还经历了日益加剧的种族紧张局势，主要是土著哈萨克人与欧洲裔定居者后裔之间的紧张关系，近年来，伊斯兰原教旨主义的威胁越来越大。虽然这些经济和民族-宗教挑战及其对移徙模式和趋势的影响经常在文献中得到阐述，但关于这些挑战如何影响哈萨克斯坦居民的婚姻和生育偏好和选择，人们知之甚少。然而，婚姻和生育是重要的人口统计机制，个人通过这些机制来适应环境的变化。此外，在正在进行的社会变革中，具有不同背景特征和利害关系的人口部分可能会以不同方式利用这些调整机制。这些调整的结果对社会的生存能力和稳定至关重要，特别是在哈萨克斯坦这样一个族裔和宗教分裂的国家。该项目将利用1995年和1999年哈萨克斯坦人口与健康调查(KDHS)的数据，结合最近十年一次的人口普查以及生命登记和健康统计数据，审查婚姻和生殖动态，特别侧重于初婚时间、婚内生育时间和人工流产方面的族裔差异。拟议的项目将是更全面地研究社会人口对剧烈社会变化的适应的必要的第一步，因此将导致随后的NIH申请。