Boost'em in the Back Seat: A Safe Ride Program

机动车碰撞是1至14岁儿童死亡的主要原因。4至7岁儿童乘坐安全带定位增高座椅时发生机动车碰撞伤害的几率比仅使用安全带时低59%，后座可将儿童机动车乘客的死亡风险降低46%。尽管有这些事实，90%的助推器年龄的儿童过早地毕业到成人安全带 30%的儿童被允许坐在汽车的前排座位上。拟议的项目将开发和评估一个有效的程序，通过与社区学前班和日托计划的伙伴关系，向大量家长传播有关助推器座椅和后座的预防信息。对其他健康主题的大量研究表明，说服性和风险沟通策略比传统信息更有可能激励人们采取保护性行为。目前的研究将扩大 在这一前提下，开发了一个新的五分钟视频，该视频是根据这种有效的风险沟通指南构建的。具体来说，视频将包括碰撞测试镜头，描绘碰撞力量的力量，并通过生动的成像唤起高度的情感。这种沟通策略被称为激励最大的行为变化，然而，文献表明，这种方法尚未被用于儿童乘客安全规划。视频方案的有效性将在两个大型和 代表性的学前/日托计划，使用两个类似的对照网站进行比较。该方案将利用社区联盟的援助，并将包括对参与的学前/日托工作人员的奖励。作为评估过程的一部分，护理人员将完成（a）关于后座和助推器座椅使用的事前知识和实践调查，以及（B）与儿童机动车危害相关的事前风险评估。此外，研究人员还将在计划实施之前、期间和之后观察学龄前停车场的加高座椅和后座使用情况。据推测，家庭接触到基于视频的节目， 与对照学校的学生相比，（a）对受伤原因和使用加高座椅和后座的原因有更多的了解;（B）对个人风险有更现实的评估;（c）在年龄适当时更多地使用加高座椅和后座。该计划的长期目标，如果有效， 以供全港采用和广泛传播。

Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for children from 1 to 14 years of age. The odds of motor vehicle crash injury to children aged 4 to 7 are 59% lower when riding in belt-positioning booster seats than when riding in safety belts alone, and rear seating can reduce the risk of death to child motor vehicle passengers by as much as 46%. Despite these facts, 90% of booster-age children are prematurely graduated to adult safety belts and 30% of children are permitted to ride in the front seats of vehicles. The proposed project will develop and evaluate an efficient process for disseminating preventive messages regarding booster-seats and rear seating to large numbers of parents via partnership with community preschool and daycare programs. Considerable research on other health topics indicates that persuasive and risk communication tactics have a greater likelihood of motivating the adoption of protective behaviors than do traditional messages. The current research will expand upon this premise by developing a novel five-minute video that is framed according to such efficacious risk communication guidelines. Specifically, the video will include crash test footage, portraying the power of crash forces and evoking high emotion by means of vivid imaging. Such communication tactics are known to motivate maximum behavioral change; however, the literature indicates that this method has not yet been employed in child passenger safety programming. The effectiveness of the video-based program will be piloted at two large and representative preschool/daycare programs, using two similar control sites for comparison. The program will engage the assistance of community-based coalitions and will include incentives for participating preschool/daycare staff. As part of the evaluativeprocess, caregivers will complete (a) pre-post knowledge and practice surveys regarding back-seat and booster-seat use and (b) pre-post risk estimations related to childhood motor vehicle hazards. In addition, researchers will observe booster seat and rear seat use in preschool parking lots before, during, and after program implementation. It is hypothesized that families exposed to the video-based program, compared to those in the control schools, will have (a) increased knowledge about causes of injury and reasons for booster seat and rear seat use; (b) a more realistic assessment of personal risk; and (c) greater use of booster seats and rear vehicle seats when age-appropriate. Long-term goals for the program, if effective, are to package it for district-wide adoption and broad-scale dissemination.