Multispectral Optical Tissue Imager for Skin

描述(由申请人提供)： 皮肤癌是美国最常见的癌症类型，占所有报告的癌症发病率的近一半。黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌都与阳光照射造成的损害有关，防晒霜的使用一直被认为是预防这些疾病的最佳方法。证明紫外线吸收剂的光保护作用的研究通常是使用动物模型进行的，这需要在纵向研究中牺牲动物来执行一些测量。除此之外，这种测量，包括活体测量，都是主观的，因此容易受到受试者之间和受试者内部的差异。提出了一种用于皮肤的多光谱光学组织成像仪(MOTI)，它将应用光谱的统计模型作为一种手段来检测和跟踪动物模型中由于紫外线照射而造成的组织结构的变化。 建议的设备从被研究的动物暴露在紫外线下的皮肤中获取光谱特征。然后将使用一套分析工具来检测和跟踪损害的进展。这些工具包括主成分分析(PCA)和盲源分离(BSS)。主成分分析是一种用于高光谱应用中的技术，用于检测描述数据变异性的特征，而盲源分离用于解决需要识别组合信号以产生可测量信号的问题。 利用主成分分析和盲源分离来分析皮肤光谱特征的变化在文献中尚未见报道。由于皮肤癌问题的严重性，以及寻找解决方法的动物模型的普遍性，我们提出的仪器将在未来许多年内在临床上产生重大影响。 商业化潜力：MOTI系统可以在动物模型中提供由于紫外线照射而导致的细胞结构变化的定量信息，因此有可能提高皮肤癌的诊断技术和诊断时间。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Skin cancer the most common type of cancer in the United States, accounting for nearly half of all reported incidences of cancer. Both melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer are associated with damage caused by sun exposure and the use of sunscreens has been advocated as the best prevention of these diseases. Studies to demonstrate the photoprotective effect of UV absorbers are often conducted using animal models which require sacrificing the animals to perform a number of measurements along the longitudinal studies. Besides this, such measurements, including in vivo ones are subjective and therefore, prone to inter- and intra- subject variability. A Multispectral Optical Tissue Imager (MOTI) for skin is proposed that will apply statistical models of spectra as a means to detect and track the changes in tissue structure due to UV exposure damage in an animal model. The proposed device acquires spectral signatures from the UV exposed skin of the animal under study. Then a set of analytical tools will be used to detect and track the progression of the damage. Such tools include Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Blind Source Separation (BSS). PCA is a technique used in hyperspectral applications to detect the features that describe the variability of data whereas BSS is used to solve problems that require the identification of the signals that are combined in order to generate a measurable signal. The use of PCA and BSS for analyzing the change of spectral characteristics in skin has not been described in the literature. Because of the magnitude of the skin cancer problem and the pervasiveness of the animal model to find the means to solve it, our proposed instrument will make a significant impact in the clinical community for many more years. Commercialization Potential: The MOTI system can provide quantitative information of the changes in cellular structure due to UV exposure in an animal model and thus has the potential to advance the diagnostic techniques and time to diagnosis for skin cancer.