Rapid FISH Assay for Oncogenic Papillomavirus RNAs

描述（由申请人提供）：宫颈癌是世界上第二大流行的妇女癌症，也是大多数发展中国家妇女的主要癌症，已明确与人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染有关。在几乎所有的宫颈癌中，HPV DNA都被发现整合到宿主基因组中，这导致病毒转化蛋白的产生增加。与基于形态学的传统巴氏试验相比，分子诊断方法检测宫颈组织中的HPV dna，确定是否存在与癌症相关的病毒类型。然而，这种诊断方法并没有降低发病率和死亡率，也没有改善疾病分期。最近的检测方法主要集中在利用逆转录酶聚合酶链反应检测HPV RNA。虽然敏感，但不能对细胞样本进行细胞学检查，而且该方法仍然受到程序问题的困扰。除了细胞学检查外，原位杂交还允许直接可视化病毒rna；然而，目前的原位杂交方法耗时长，操作困难，并且包含许多程序步骤。这个小型企业创新研究项目建议开发一种快速荧光原位杂交检测HPV rna的方法。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cervical cancer, the second most prevalent cancer of women worldwide, and the principal cancer of women in most developing countries, has been clearly linked to infection by human papillomavirus (HPV). In virtually all cervical cancer, HPV DNA is found integrated into the host genome, which results in the increased production of viral transforming proteins. In contrast to the morphologically-based traditional Pap test, molecular diagnostic methods detect HPV DNAs in cervical tissue, identifying whether a cancer-linked viral type is present. However, this diagnostic approach has not reduced morbidity and mortality, nor improved disease staging. Recent detection methods have focused on detection of HPV RNA using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Although sensitive, no cytological examination of the cell sample is possible and the method continues to be plagued by procedural problems. In situ hybridization allows direct visualization of viral RNAs in addition to cytological examination; however, current in situ hybridization methods are time consuming, difficult to perform, and consist of many procedural steps. This Small Business Innovation Research project proposes to develop a rapid fluorescence in situ hybridization assay for detecting HPV RNAs.