Activity and connectivity of hippocampal newborn neurons underlie alcohol withdrawal-associated syndromes

海马新生神经元的活动和连接是酒精戒断相关综合征的基础

• 批准号: 10711653
• 负责人: Hoonkyo Suh
• 金额: $ 63.26万
• 依托单位: CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-15 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10711653
• 关键词: Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol dependence; Alcohol withdrawal syndrome; Anatomy; Brain; Cells; Chronic; Color; Dangerousness; Data; Development; Epilepsy; Equilibrium; Foundations; Generalized seizures; Genes; Genetic Epistasis; Goals; Hippocampus; Hour; Hyperactivity; Image; Imaging Device; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Mediating; Methods; Modality; Molecular; Neurons; Newborn Infant; Outcome; Parvalbumins; Pathologic; Play; Predisposition; Rabies virus; Recurrence; Relapse; Resolution; Role; Seizures; Series; Severities; Signal Transduction; Symptoms; Synapses; Syndrome; Testing; Time; Tonic - clonic seizures; Vertebral column; Visualization; Wheat Germ Agglutinins; alcohol effect; alcohol exposure; alcohol response; cell type; designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs; differential expression; excitatory neuron; experimental study; granule cell; hippocampal pyramidal neuron; imaging modality; inhibitory neuron; neural; neural circuit; neurogenesis; newborn neuron; novel; novel therapeutic intervention; postsynaptic neurons; presynaptic; single-cell RNA sequencing; transcriptome; transmission process

Alcohol withdrawal (AW) after chronic alcohol exposure (AE) produces a series of symptoms. Among them, generalized tonic-clonic seizures are the most severe and dangerous symptom. The severity and susceptibility to relapse, and perpetuation of alcohol abuse underscore the urgent need to understand mechanisms underlying alcohol dependence and AW in order to develop new therapeutic strategies to intervene and treat AW-associated syndromes such as seizures. In this application, we will test the novel hypothesis that activity and connectivity of hippocampal newborn dentate granule cells (DGCs) underlie AW-associated seizures. DGCs are principal excitatory neurons that are continuously produced and integrate into hippocampal neural circuits, and altered hippocampal neurogenesis has been implicated in seizures. Our previous studies have revealed the essential roles of hippocampal newborn DGCs in the expressions of AW-associated seizures. AE reduced spine formation while AW increased synaptic connectivity of hippocampal newborn DGCs. Our rabies virus-mediated retrograde tracing study discovered altered neuronal connectivity of hippocampal newborn DGCs with both excitatory and inhibitory neurons during AW seizures. Moreover, our functional study with a DREADD (Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs) method demonstrated that activity of hippocampal newborn neurons plays an essential role in the expression of AW-associated seizures. These observations provided the theoretical foundation for our hypothesis that altered neuronal connectivity and activity of hippocampal newborn DGCs disrupts the balance of excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) signals, ultimately leading to AW-associated seizures. Thus, the central goal of this proposal is to use novel mapping methods, imaging tools, and cellular and molecular approaches in order to understand activity and connectivity of hippocampal neural circuits that are responsible for AW-associated seizures. In Aim 1, we will determine whether AW alters neuronal and functional connectivity of DGCs by using a rabies virus- and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-mediated retrograde and anterograde tracing methods, respectively. We will also use multiple DREADDs and assess the essential role of de novo neural circuits formed between hippocampal newborn DGCs and input neurons in AW-associated seizures. Aim 2, using Ca2+ imaging and various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities that allows us for longitudinal studies, we will determine activity and connectivity of hippocampal and global neural circuits underlying AW-associated seizures. In Aim 3, we will identify and validate transcriptome that may underlie altered synaptic and neuronal connectivity of hippocampal newborn DGCs in response to AE and AW. The usage of single cell RNA sequencing will allow us to not only register differentially expressed genes to cell type-specific manner, but determine transcriptomes that distinguish pathological newborn DGCs from normal DGCs during AE and AW. Altogether, our proposal will dissect the molecular, cellular, and neural circuitry mechanisms by which hippocampal newborn DGCs underlie AW-associated seizures.

慢性酒精暴露（AE）后的酒精戒断（AW）产生一系列症状。其中,