Identifying mechanisms of maternal-infant obesity risk transmission: The role of appetite, sleep, and circadian rhythms

确定母婴肥胖风险传播的机制：食欲、睡眠和昼夜节律的作用

• 批准号: 10711067
• 负责人: Rachel P. Kolko Conlon
• 金额: $ 72.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2028-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10711067
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Applications Grants; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Biological Clocks; Birth; Body Weight; Body mass index; Child; Childhood; Circadian Rhythms; Darkness; Data; Desire for food; Development; Early identification; Eating; Ensure; Family; Feeding Patterns; Female; Food; Health; Hour; Individual; Infant; Infant Food; Interruption; Intervention; Life; Light; Link; Longevity; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Obesity; Outcome; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Physiological; Population; Postpartum Period; Postpartum Women; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Research Project Grants; Rest; Risk Factors; Role; Running; Satiation; Science; Sleep; Sleep disturbances; Solid; Standardization; Strategic Planning; Strategic vision; System; Third Pregnancy Trimester; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Weight; Weight Gain; Woman; actigraphy; approach behavior; avoidance behavior; behavior change; cardiometabolism; circadian; critical period; design; effective intervention; feeding; food avoidance; infancy; infant adiposity; innovation; intergenerational; modifiable risk; novel; novel strategies; obesity risk; obesity treatment; pregnant; prepregnancy; pressure; prevent; programs; prospective; rapid infant weight gain; rapid weight gain; recruit; sucking; therapeutic target; therapy development; trait; transmission process

Project Summary/Abstract Weight gain patterns during the first year of life are a critical risk factor for long-term cardiometabolic health from infancy through adulthood. Infant obesity risk is influenced by appetitive traits in the first 3 months. These appetitive traits, food responsiveness (FR) and satiety responsiveness (SR), reflect food approach and avoidance behaviors, respectively. However, little is known about factors that affect FR and SR development during infancy, which may inform novel, effective behavioral interventions for obesity risk. Emerging data indicate that sleep and circadian rhythms are related to appetite in children and adults, although little is known about how sleep and circadian rhythms are associated with appetite development in infants. We posit the novel hypothesis that infant sleep/circadian rhythm patterns affect infants’ appetite, and together, they impact infants’ obesity risk. We also posit that the degree of synchronization between maternal and infant circadian rhythms further affects infant appetite development and obesity risk. In the proposed study, pregnant individuals (N=230, body mass index ≥18.5 kg/m2) will be recruited in their third trimester. We acknowledge that not all who give birth identify as women or females. We use the terms "pregnant women," "postpartum women," “maternal,” and "mothers" to refer to all birthing people throughout this application. Maternal-infant sleep and circadian rhythms (focused on rest-activity rhythms and nighttime feeding), along with infant appetite and weight, will be assessed via objective and subjective methods at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-months after birth. Thus, to identify potentially modifiable influences on infant weight trajectory, the specific aims are to: (1) determine the concurrent and predictive effects of infant sleep/circadian rhythms on infant appetite development in the first 6 months of life; (2) identify the combined effects of early infant appetite and disrupted sleep/circadian rhythms on rapid infant weight gain in the first 6 months and infant weight outcomes at 12-months; and (3) explore the role of maternal-infant synchronization of rest-activity rhythms in the models of infant sleep/circadian rhythms and appetite predicting infant weight. This proposal addresses compelling questions about sleep, circadian rhythms, and obesity identified in the NHLBI Strategic Vision and NIH Strategic Plan. Notably, in alignment with the Katz Early Stage Investigator Research Grant Program, this proposal involves innovative changes in the PI’s research direction: (1) new population (moving from mothers to infants); (2) new methods (moving from self-report to objective assessment and dyadic metrics); and (3) new potential therapeutic targets (moving from eating-related targets to sleep/circadian rhythms & maternal-infant synchronization). The PI and investigative team have the content and methodological expertise that will ensure successful conduct of the proposed research. In line with the NIH Science of Behavior Change intervention development pipeline, data from this study will inform the targets and timing of maternal-infant behavioral interventions guided by circadian rhythms and infant appetite development to reduce obesity risk and promote intergenerational cardiometabolic health.

项目概要/摘要 生命第一年的体重增加模式是长期心脏代谢健康的关键风险因素 从婴儿期到成年期。婴儿肥胖风险受前 3 个月内食欲特征的影响。这些 食欲特征、食物反应性（FR）和饱腹感反应性（SR）反映了食物的摄入方式和 分别是回避行为。然而，人们对影响 FR 和 SR 发展的因素知之甚少 婴儿期，这可能会为肥胖风险提供新颖、有效的行为干预措施。新兴数据 表明睡眠和昼夜节律与儿童和成人的食欲有关，尽管人们知之甚少 关于睡眠和昼夜节律如何与婴儿食欲发育相关。我们把小说定为 假设婴儿睡眠/昼夜节律模式影响婴儿的食欲，并且它们共同影响婴儿的食欲 肥胖风险。我们还假设母婴昼夜节律之间的同步程度 进一步影响婴儿食欲发育和肥胖风险。在拟议的研究中，怀孕个体 （N=230，体重指数≥18.5 kg/m2）将在妊娠晚期招募。我们承认并非所有 生育的人被认定为妇女或女性。我们使用“孕妇”、“产后妇女”等术语 在本申请中，“母亲”和“母亲”是指所有分娩者。母婴睡眠及 昼夜节律（重点关注休息活动节律和夜间喂养），以及婴儿食欲和 体重，将在出生后 1、3、6 和 12 个月时通过客观和主观方法进行评估。因此，为了 确定对婴儿体重轨迹的潜在可改变的影响，具体目标是：（1）确定 婴儿睡眠/昼夜节律对前 6 个月婴儿食欲发育的同时和预测影响 生命的几个月； (2) 确定早期婴儿食欲和睡眠/昼夜节律紊乱的综合影响 前 6 个月婴儿体重快速增加和 12 个月婴儿体重结果； (3) 探索 母婴休息活动节律同步在婴儿睡眠/昼夜节律模型中的作用 和食欲预测婴儿体重。该提案解决了有关睡眠、昼​​夜节律的引人注目的问题 NHLBI 战略愿景和 NIH 战略计划中确定的节律和肥胖。值得注意的是，与 卡茨早期研究者研究资助计划，该提案涉及 PI的研究方向：（1）新人群（从母亲到婴儿）； （2）新方法（从 自我报告客观评估和二元指标）； （3）新的潜在治疗靶点（从 睡眠/昼夜节律和母婴同步的饮食相关目标）。 PI 和调查 团队拥有内容和方法方面的专业知识，可确保拟议项目的成功进行 研究。根据 NIH 行为改变科学干预开发流程，来自此的数据 研究将告知以昼夜节律为指导的母婴行为干预的目标和时间 和婴儿食欲发育，以降低肥胖风险并促进代际心脏代谢健康。