Novel use of mobile phone big data to evaluate the effect of climatic and non-climatic shocks on human mobility and women's health outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa

项目总结 与气候变化相关的极端天气和自然灾害正在对人类健康造成严重破坏 在全球范围内，这些活动将在未来几年变得更加频繁和激烈。其他颠覆性的， 非气候冲击--如暴露在武装冲突和疾病暴发中--也有重大影响。 在全球健康方面。休克诱发的活动模式可能在将休克与不利健康联系起来方面发挥作用 结果。尽管了解这些关系很重要，但很少有研究对 由于缺乏关于流动模式的详细时间和空间数据，特别是在有限的情况下 资源。从手机使用中获得的新位置数据有望阐明人类的精细移动性 模式。利用已建立的伙伴关系来获取数据并使用机器学习方法对其进行处理， 这项拟议的研究将提供有关肯尼亚受休克影响人口的健康状况的关键信息 这是一个气候变化无常且有武装冲突历史的东非国家。此外，该项目将 展示应用这些数据解决关键人口健康问题的效用。建议数 独立之路奖将提供基本的和协同的培训，将Luetke博士定位为领先的 擅长使用大数据和人工智能方法阐明电击对社会和健康的影响 以及在气候变化和日益加剧的全球不安全的背景下的人类流动性应对措施。被指导者 拟议项目阶段将提供以下方面的培训：(1)地理空间方法和人口-环境 研究，(2)空间大数据的机器学习，(3)与人类相关的人口统计理论和方法 移民，以及(4)职业发展活动，为成为一名独立调查员和未来终身教职做准备-- 跟踪教职员工。拟议项目的实证研究将涉及三个主要目标：(目标1) 使用人工智能方法处理移动电话数据，以识别随时间推移的移动模式(2018- 2022年)和空间；(目标2)测试气候多变性、自然灾害和武装冲突作为机制的作用 解释这些流动模式的变化；以及(目标3)量化极端气候的影响，自然 灾害和武装冲突对妇女遭受亲密伴侣暴力的影响，并探索流动模式， 特别是在危机引发的情况下，作为这些联系的调解人。本文件中详细介绍的培训和研究 提案将为启动严格和可持续的研究议程奠定坚实的基础，并提供试点 为未来的R01提案工作。额外培训和指导将是实现以下目标的重要一步 建立一个丰富的、独立的研究事业，旨在减少社会和健康差距。一个坚强的人 明尼苏达的跨学科指导团队和出色的支持性培训环境 人口中心为Luetke博士提供了一个基础，以填补在理解 外部冲击、移民和撒哈拉以南非洲妇女健康后果的影响。

PROJECT SUMMARY Weather extremes and natural disasters associated with climate change are wreaking havoc on human health worldwide, and these events will become more frequent and more intense in coming years. Other disruptive, non-climatic shocks – such as exposure to armed conflict and disease outbreaks – also have significant impacts on health globally. Shock-induced mobility patterns likely play a role in linking shocks to adverse health outcomes. Despite the importance of understanding these relationships, little research has been conducted to date due to a dearth of detailed temporal and spatial data on mobility patterns, particularly in settings with limited resources. Novel location data derived from mobile phone use promises to elucidate granular human mobility patterns. Leveraging established partnerships to obtain the data and machine learning methods to process it, the proposed research will provide critical information on the health of shock-affected populations in Kenya, an east African country with increasing climate variability and a history of armed conflict. Further, this project will demonstrate the utility of applying these data to address critical population health problems. The proposed Pathway to Independence Award will provide essential and synergistic training to position Dr. Luetke as a leading expert in using big data and artificial intelligence methods to elucidate the social and health implications of shocks and human mobility responses in the context of climate change and increasing global insecurity. The mentored phase of the proposed project will provide training in (1) geospatial methods and population-environment research, (2) machine learning for spatial big data, (3) demographic theories and methods related to human migration, and (4) career development activities to prepare to be an independent investigator and future tenure- track faculty member. The empirical research of the proposed project will address three primary aims: (Aim 1) Use artificial intelligence methods to process the mobile phone data to identify mobility patterns over time (2018- 2022) and space; (Aim 2) Test the role of climate variability, natural disasters, and armed conflict as mechanisms to explain changes in these mobility patterns; and (Aim 3) Quantify the effect of climate extremes, natural disasters, and armed conflict on women’s exposure to intimate partner violence and explore mobility patterns, particularly when crisis-induced, as a mediator of these associations. The training and research detailed in this proposal will form a solid foundation to launch a rigorous and sustainable research agenda and provide the pilot work for a future R01 proposal. The additional training and mentorship will be an important step toward establishing a rich, independent research career aimed at reducing social and health disparities. A strong interdisciplinary mentorship team and an outstanding supportive training environment at the Minnesota Population Center provide a foundation for Dr. Luetke to fill an important scientific niche on understanding the impacts of external shocks, migration, and health outcomes for women in Sub-Saharan Africa.