Brain Imaging in Major Psychoses: Functional Imaging

主要精神病的脑成像：功能成像

• 批准号: 7186718
• 负责人: NANCY C ANDREASEN
• 金额: $ 50.29万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-12-01 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7186718
• 关键词: Behavioral; Blinking; Blood flow; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Build-it; Cerebellar Diseases; Cerebellar cortex structure; Cerebellar vermis structure; Cerebellum; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrum; Cognition; Cognitive; Condition; Detection; Dysmetria; Emotional; Emotions; Face; Feedback; Functional Imaging; Grant; Impairment; Individual; Knowledge; Lateral; Learning; Link; Memory; Modeling; Modification; Motor Activity; Nature; Organ; PET protocol; Patients; Pattern; Positron-Emission Tomography; Process; Progress Reports; Protocols documentation; Psyche structure; Psychotic Disorders; Range; Research Personnel; Role; Schizophrenia; Short-Term Memory; System; Thalamic structure; Time; Variant; Water; Work; base; classical conditioning; concept; conditioning; healthy volunteer; motor learning; pattern perception; social cognition; volunteer

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application uses functional imaging to examine cerebellar dysfunction in schizophrenia. It builds on our previous work, which has consistently shown that patients with schizophrenia have functional abnormalities in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in distributed circuits (including cortical regions, thalamus, and cerebellum) in many types of cognitive tasks. We have described the resulting behavioral/cognitive abnormality as "cognitive dysmetria." In this application we propose to focus primarily on the cerebellum, based on our work during the past four years. During this time we examined a variety of tasks, which ranged from "classic cerebellar" (eyeblink conditioning) to "higher" cognitive and emotional tasks. All types of tasks showed cerebellar activations in normals and decreased flow in schizophrenia. Therefore, in the present application we plan to extend this work by examining three different models of cerebellar function in the normal brain: associative learning, timing and psychomotor integration, and multipurpose microcomplexes. We will examine these three models by using eight different PET protocols in healthy normal volunteers. These models are hierarchical, in that models 1 and 2 are encompassed in model 3. We hypothesize that we will confirm all three models, and that model 3 provides the best characterization of the role of the cerebellum in cognition. The eight protocols include studies of "classic cerebellar" functions (e.g., associative learning and psychomotor integration) and "higher cortical" functions (e.g., working memory, emotion, and social cognition). We will use these protocols to study these functions in eight different groups of patients suffering from schizophrenia. We hypothesize that the patients will show decreased cerebellar blood flow in all eight groups of tasks (as compared to the healthy volunteers), thereby confirming that the cerebellum is dysfunctional in schizophrenia in a broad range of tasks and suggesting that the importance of the cerebellum in both normal mental function and in schizophrenia has been underestimated.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请使用功能成像来检查精神分裂症的小脑功能障碍。它建立在我们之前的工作基础上，该工作一致表明，精神分裂症患者在许多类型的认知任务中，分布式回路（包括皮质区、丘脑和小脑）的局部脑血流（rCBF）存在功能异常。我们将由此产生的行为/认知异常描述为“认知障碍”。根据我们过去四年的工作，在此应用中，我们建议主要关注小脑。在此期间，我们检查了各种任务，范围从“经典小脑”（眨眼条件反射）到“高级”认知和情感任务。所有类型的任务均显示正常人小脑激活，精神分裂症患者脑流减少。因此，在本申请中，我们计划通过检查正常大脑中小脑功能的三种不同模型来扩展这项工作：联想学习、计时和精神运动整合以及多用途微复合体。我们将通过在健康正常志愿者中使用八种不同的 PET 方案来检查这三种模型。这些模型是分层的，模型 1 和 2 包含在模型 3 中。我们假设我们将确认所有三个模型，并且模型 3 提供了小脑在认知中的作用的最佳表征。这八项协议包括对“经典小脑”功能（例如联想学习和精神运动整合）和“高级皮质”功能（例如工作记忆、情感和社会认知）的研究。我们将使用这些方案来研究八个不同的精神分裂症患者组的这些功能。我们假设患者在所有八组任务中都会表现出小脑血流量减少（与健康志愿者相比），从而证实了精神分裂症患者的小脑在广泛的任务中都存在功能障碍，并表明小脑在正常心理功能和精神分裂症中的重要性被低估了。