Transovarial transmission of yersinia pestis in fleas
跳蚤中鼠疫耶尔森氏菌的跨卵巢传播
基本信息
- 批准号:10727534
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 18.7万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2023
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2023-06-01 至 2025-05-31
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AddressAdherenceAdultAdverse effectsAnatomyAnimalsAreaBacteriaBiological AssayBloodBubonic PlagueContractsDataDevelopmentDiseaseDisease OutbreaksEcologyEcosystemElectron MicroscopyEngineeringEnvironmentEpithelial CellsEpitheliumEventEvolutionFaceFerretsFleasFoundationsGastrointestinal tract structureGenerationsGeographic LocationsGoalsGrasslandsGrowthHumanImageImmunityInfectionKnowledgeLaboratoriesLarvaLifeLife Cycle StagesMaintenanceMammalsMediatingMicrobial BiofilmsMicroscopicMidgutModernizationMontanaNorth AmericaOutcomePathogenesisPersonsPlaguePlayPopulationPrairie DogPrecipitationProductionProteinsProventriculusPublic HealthPupaRattusReporterResearchResolutionRiskRodentRoleRural PopulationScanning Electron MicroscopyTechnologyTemperatureThree-Dimensional ImageTissuesTransmission Electron MicroscopyUnited StatesVirulentVisualizationWild AnimalsWorkYersinia pestisZoonoseseggenzooticepizooticexperienceexperimental studyfeedingflea-bornefollow-upfoothigh rewardhigh riskhuman diseasehuman mortalityinnovationmathematical modelmortalitymouse modelnext generationpandemic diseasereproductive organsurveillance datatransmission processvector
项目摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY
Flea transmission of human diseases has occurred throughout the world, the most notable of which is the
bubonic plague or black death, caused by Yersinia pestis. Although not the pandemic it once was, plague
continues to cause annual human mortality across four continents, including North America, where it is endemic
in the rodent populations of the rural western United States. In this region, flea transmission of plague occurs
annually among the large prairie dog populations which are abundantly distributed throughout the grasslands.
Due to its role as an ecosystem engineer and trophic relationship with the endangered black-footed ferret, there
is ample surveillance data on prairie dogs documenting widespread mortality caused by epizootic outbreaks of
plague. These outbreaks occur regularly, though not necessarily annually in a given area, and can substantially
impact the local ecosystem. Some geographic areas experience enzootic plague, characterized by prolonged
periods with little to no plague activity in wildlife in between epizootic events. Although there is more than 100
years of research on flea transmission of plague, there remain significant gaps in understanding the enzootic
cycle, even though this cycle underlies the global persistence of plague and its continued threat to public health.
The research proposed in this application addresses key factors that influence the enzootic cycle. Specifically,
the research will focus on redefining the role of transovarial transmission of Y. pestis as a driver of the sylvatic
plague cycle. The proposed project is built on strong preliminary data documenting transovarial transmission of
Y. pestis from laboratory-reared and infected Xenopsylla cheopis. These data suggest that bacteria that are
transmitted via this mechanism survive through all developmental stages and even grow in these environments,
which may indicate that transovarial transmission could impact the persistence of plague in the absence of
widespread mammalian disease. The proposed work will follow-up on these observations with an innovative,
state-of-the-art approach that incorporates high resolution transmission electron microscopy to examine bacterial
interactions within the midgut epithelium in order to identify the mechanism that may be used for dissemination
from the digestive tract to the reproductive organs of the flea. Furthermore, imaging of Y. pestis in each
developmental stage will be facilitated by the use of the Serial Block-Face Scanning Electron Microscopy
Volumescope (SBF-SEM) to reconstruct a high-resolution 3D image that illustrates the anatomical features that
support Y. pestis survival and growth in each life stage. The proposed work will rigorously address the potential
importance of this mechanism to the evolution and persistence of plague. Results of this high-risk, high-reward
R21 project will lay the groundwork for long term, inter-disciplinary mechanistic and ecological studies of
transovarial transmission of Y. pestis in fleas that will help inform our understanding of plague risk for humans
and animals.
项目摘要
跳蚤传播人类疾病在世界各地都有发生,其中最值得注意的是
黑死病,由鼠疫耶尔森氏菌引起。虽然不是流行病,它曾经是,鼠疫
在四大洲,包括流行于北美的疟疾,每年仍造成人类死亡
在美国西部农村的啮齿动物种群中。在这个地区,跳蚤传播鼠疫
草原土拨鼠数量庞大,遍布整个草原。
由于其作为生态系统工程师的作用以及与濒危黑脚雪貂的营养关系,
对草原土拨鼠的充分监测数据记录了由流行性疾病爆发引起的广泛死亡,
瘟疫这些疾病的爆发是有规律的,虽然不一定每年都在某一地区发生,
影响当地生态系统。一些地理区域经历了地方性鼠疫,其特征是长期的
在动物流行病事件之间,野生动物很少或没有鼠疫活动的时期。虽然有100多个
经过多年对鼠疫跳蚤传播的研究,对地方病的了解仍存在重大差距
尽管这种循环是鼠疫全球持续存在及其对公共卫生持续威胁的基础,但它仍然是一个恶性循环。
本申请中提出的研究解决了影响地方病周期的关键因素。具体地说,
这项研究将集中于重新定义Y染色体跨卵传播的作用。鼠疫作为森林的驱动力
瘟疫循环拟议的项目是建立在强有力的初步数据记录跨卵巢传播
Y.来自实验室饲养和感染的印鼠客蚤的鼠疫。这些数据表明,
通过这种机制传播的病毒在所有发育阶段都能存活,甚至在这些环境中生长,
这可能表明,在缺乏免疫力的情况下,经卵巢传播可能会影响鼠疫的持续性。
广泛传播的哺乳动物疾病。拟议的工作将对这些意见采取后续行动,
最先进的方法,结合高分辨率透射电子显微镜检查细菌
中肠上皮内的相互作用,以确定可能用于传播的机制
从跳蚤的消化道到生殖器官此外,Y.每个人身上都有鼠疫
开发阶段将通过使用连续块面扫描电子显微镜来促进
容积镜(SBF-SEM)重建高分辨率3D图像,显示解剖特征,
支持Y。鼠疫菌在各个生命阶段的生存和生长。拟议的工作将严格解决潜在的
这一机制对鼠疫的进化和持久性的重要性。这种高风险、高回报的
R21项目将为长期的、跨学科的机制和生态学研究奠定基础。
Y.经卵巢传播跳蚤中的鼠疫,这将有助于我们了解鼠疫对人类的风险
和动物
项目成果
期刊论文数量(2)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Transovarial transmission of Yersinia pestis in its flea vector, Xenopsylla cheopis.
鼠疫耶尔森氏菌在其跳蚤载体——印鼠客蜱中的跨卵巢传播。
- DOI:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3397969/v1
- 发表时间:2023
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Anderson,Deborah;Pauling,Cassandra;Beerntsen,Brenda;Song,Qisheng
- 通讯作者:Song,Qisheng
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DEBORAH M ANDERSON其他文献
DEBORAH M ANDERSON的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('DEBORAH M ANDERSON', 18)}}的其他基金
Targeting T3SA proteins as protective antigens against Yersinia
将 T3SA 蛋白作为针对耶尔森氏菌的保护性抗原
- 批准号:
10645989 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 18.7万 - 项目类别:
Host Response and Immunity to Yersenia pestis Infection
宿主对鼠疫耶尔森菌感染的反应和免疫
- 批准号:
9900742 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 18.7万 - 项目类别:
Host Response and Immunity to Yersenia pestis Infection
宿主对鼠疫耶尔森菌感染的反应和免疫
- 批准号:
9380234 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 18.7万 - 项目类别:
Development of Novel Genetic Tools for Metabolic Selection in Yersinia Pestis
鼠疫耶尔森菌代谢选择的新型遗传工具的开发
- 批准号:
7919077 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 18.7万 - 项目类别:
Regulation of Yersenia pestis virulence genes in response to host cell contact
鼠疫耶尔森氏菌毒力基因响应宿主细胞接触的调节
- 批准号:
7876877 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 18.7万 - 项目类别:
Development of Novel Genetic Tools for Metabolic Selection in Yersinia Pestis
鼠疫耶尔森菌代谢选择的新型遗传工具的开发
- 批准号:
7846463 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 18.7万 - 项目类别:
Regulation of Yersenia pestis virulence genes in response to host cell contact
鼠疫耶尔森氏菌毒力基因响应宿主细胞接触的调节
- 批准号:
7739891 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 18.7万 - 项目类别:
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