Formative Research on Latinos and Leaders on HPV Vaccine Acceptance and Promotion

描述（由申请人提供）：该试点项目建议由拉丁裔癌症问题的长期合作者组成的团队进行形成性工作。它将侧重于开发与文化相关的社会营销工具，以推广人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗，以提高9至18岁拉丁裔女孩父母对该疫苗的接受程度。鉴于在人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的临床试验阶段，确定了大规模接受人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的障碍，因此非常需要促进增加的工具。2005年的一篇综述文章描述了HPV疫苗推广面临的挑战：A)公众缺乏对HPV的认识和理解；B)对高危菌株的混淆；C)对感染后遗症及其与癌症的联系缺乏了解；d)缺乏关于HPV传播的知识；b)提供者在讨论HPV时的不适。形成性评价方法将在拉丁裔家长、舆论和社区领袖中实施。多达60名拉丁裔父母将参加6个焦点小组，10名社区领导人将在关键信息访谈中接受采访。这项研究的结果是设计社会营销干预措施，以刺激拉丁裔青春期女孩的父母接受HPV疫苗。社会营销是该试点采用的方法，因为它侧重于行为改变，而不仅仅是增加意识和知识。社会营销与基于社区的参与式研究（CBPR）的目标是一致的，强调社区参与所有层次的研究，以及那些将受到干预影响和受益的人的参与。通过伙伴关系方法，该提案寻求获得对HPV疫苗干预措施的承诺和支持，例如在其他CBPR工作中发现的那些干预措施。这项建议旨在制定干预措施，以减轻拉丁美洲人在癌症发病率和死亡率方面面临的不成比例的负担，并减少因人乳头瘤病毒感染而导致的诊断测试和服务的费用和情感负担。根据这一目标，将实现如下所述的四个具体目标。具体目标1：对青春期女孩的拉丁裔父母进行焦点小组调查，了解他们对HPV疫苗的知识、态度、信念和行为，以及潜在的干预策略，为制定在拉丁裔人群中推广HPV疫苗的社会营销计划提供信息。具体目标2：制定社会营销计划和干预措施，以促进人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的使用，并通过主要信息提供者访谈和咨询委员会进行审查。具体目标3：就促进拉丁美洲人使用人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的社会营销计划的可行性、适当性、有效性和可持续性，对关键信息提供者意见领袖进行深入访谈。具体目标4：准备并向国家癌症研究所提交后续R21研究提案，以试点测试拟议的HPV疫苗干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This pilot project proposes formative work by a team of long-standing collaborators on Latina cancer issues. It will focus on developing culturally relevant social marketing tools to promote Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine to increase acceptance of the vaccine among parents of Latina girls from 9 to 18 years old. Tools that will promote increase are highly needed given that during the clinical trial phase of the HPV vaccine, barriers to large-scale acceptance of HPV vaccines were identified. A 2005 review article describes the challenges facing HPV vaccine promotion: a) the public's lack of knowledge and understanding of HPV; b) confusion over high-risk strains; c) lack of understanding about infection sequaelae and link to cancers; d) lack of knowledge regarding the transmission of HPV; and b) providers' discomfort in discussing HPV. Formative evaluation methods will be implemented among Latino parents and opinion and community leaders. Up to 60 Latino parents will participate in 6 focus groups and 10 community leaders will be interviewed in key informant interviews. The outcome of this study is the design of social marketing interventions that will stimulate acceptance of the HPV vaccine among the parents of Latino adolescent girls. Social Marketing is the approach employed in this pilot since it focuses on behavior change rather than simply increasing awareness and knowledge. Social Marketing is consistent with the goals of community- based participatory research (CBPR) by emphasizing community involvement at all levels of research, and the involvement of those who will be impacted and benefited by the interventions. Through a partnership approach, this proposal seeks to gain commitment and support for HPV vaccine interventions such as those found in other CBPR efforts. This proposal intends to develop interventions that will reduce the disproportionate burden Latinas face with respect to cancer incidence and mortality and decrease the cost and emotional burden of diagnostic tests and services as a result of HPV infection. Pursuant to this goal, four specific aims will be attained as discussed below. Specific Aim 1: Conduct focus groups of Latino parents of adolescent girls to explore their knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors related to the HPV vaccine, and potential intervention strategies to inform the development of a social marketing plan to promote HPV vaccine among Latinas. Specific Aim 2: Formulate a social marketing plan and intervention to promote HPV vaccine utilization to be reviewed through key informant interviews and advisory committee. Specific Aim 3: Conduct in-depth interviews of key informant opinion leaders regarding the feasibility, appropriateness, effectiveness and sustainability of the social marketing plan to promote HPV vaccine use among Latinas. Specific Aim 4: Prepare and submit a follow-up R21 research proposal to the National Cancer Institute to pilot test the proposed HPV vaccine intervention.