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Feasibility of conducting HIV surveillance in community wastewater

在社区废水中进行艾滋病毒监测的可行性

基本信息

批准号：
10762254
负责人：
Julie Parsonnet
金额：
$ 23.17万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-08-23 至 2025-07-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10762254
关键词：
2019-nCoV AIDS prevention Affect Authorization documentation Biological Assay COVID-19 COVID-19 pandemic COVID-19 pandemic effects California Caring Clinical Communicable Diseases Communities Complement County DNA Disease Disease Surveillance Ensure Feces Goals HIV HIV Infections HIV Seropositivity HIV diagnosis HIV-1 HIV/AIDS Health Hospitalization Human Human immunodeficiency virus test Incidence Individual Infection Knowledge Measurement Measures Medical Methods Modeling Monitor Monkeypox National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease Nucleic Acids Outcome Pathogen detection Patient Care Persons Plasma Poliomyelitis Population Prevalence Public Health RNA Reduce health disparities Reporting Resource Allocation Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Reverse Transcription Risk Assessment Sampling San Francisco Services Sewage Solid Specimen Surveillance Methods System Testing Time Uncertainty United States Urine Viral Viral Load result Viremia Virus Visit Work authority community transmission cost effective digital feasibility testing high risk improved in vitro Assay infection risk interest novel pandemic disease pathogen prevent prevention service rate of change recruit research study response sample archive screening screening services stool sample success time use tool transmission process treatment services trend wastewater epidemiology wastewater samples wastewater surveillance wasting

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in late 2019, an estimated 1.2 million people—including 158,500 (13%) with undiagnosed infection—were living with HIV in the United States. Since then, HIV control efforts have been complicated by disruptions to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state and local jurisdictions. However, the full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV transmission, incidence and outcomes has been difficult to quantify. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a non-invasive and unbiased surveillance approach that can be used to estimate infectious disease occurrence in the population by detecting pathogen DNA or RNA in pooled community samples of wastewater. Here we propose to apply a novel WBE HIV surveillance method to measure HIV-1 nucleic acids in wastewater to estimate HIV incidence in sewersheds during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research study will pursue three specific aims: (1) to develop and validate a quantification method for HIV-1 nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) in urine, feces and wastewater settled solids, (2) in 30 people living with HIV, to c orrelate HIV nucleic acid (RNA and DNA) shedding in urine and feces with plasma viral load, and (3) using archived samples of wastewater rom Santa Clara and San Francisco Counties during the COVID pandemic, to determine trends in wastewater HIV-1 nucleic acid levels and compare findings with community case rates of HIV. The overarching goal of this project is to establish an HIV quantification method for wastewater-based surveillance using digital droplet, reverse transcription-PCR analysis that can be used to monitor HIV in the community. We hypothesize that wastewater surveillance can identify populations disproportionately affected by HIV, facilitating allocation of resources to those at highest risk, thereby maximizing HIV control. Investigating rates of changes in HIV nucleic acid in wastewater in relation to COVID-19 may also improve our understanding of how pandemic disease and its control strategies can impact HIV surveillance and patient care. Knowledge gained from this project will help establish a framework for wastewater-based surveillance for HIV in the US and globally that can reduce health disparities, improve health outcomes and prevent HIV transmission.

项目总结