Momentary Geospatial, Psychological, and Behavioral Risk for Substance Use in Young Adults Under Criminal Justice Supervision

刑事司法监督下的年轻人使用药物的瞬时地理空间、心理和行为风险

• 批准号: 10762368
• 负责人: Jamie Gajos
• 金额: $ 16.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10762368
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Assessment tool; Behavior; Behavioral; Cellular Phone; Client; Clinical; Communities; Crime; Criminal Justice; Data; Development; Development Plans; Discrimination; Disease; Diversion Program; Drug usage; Drug user; Ecological momentary assessment; Enrollment; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Foundations; Frequencies; Funding; Future; General Population; Geography; Goals; Health; Homeless persons; Homelessness; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Investigation; Justice; Knowledge; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Location; Mental Health; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Moods; Movement; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Perception; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacotherapy; Population; Process; Psychopathology; Psychosocial Factor; Race; Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Assessment; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Social Environment; Stress; Subgroup; Substance Use Disorder; Supervision; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Training; Variant; Violence; Visit; Vulnerable Populations; adaptive intervention; aged; alcohol consequences; alcohol outlet density; behavioral health; built environment; career; career development; court; craving; design; effective intervention; emerging adulthood; environmental stressor; experience; geographic risk; high risk population; implementation intervention; individualized medicine; innovation; longitudinal design; mHealth; neighborhood disadvantage; novel; physical conditioning; pilot test; polysubstance use; programs; psychologic; recidivism; recruit; reduced substance use; research and development; secondary analysis; sex; skills; societal costs; stressor; substance use; substance use prevention; substance user; time use; young adult

Project Summary/Abstract This K01 Mentored Research Scientist Development Award will facilitate my long-term career goal of establishing an independently-funded, interdisciplinary research program focused on collecting and analyzing intensive longitudinal data (ILD) to understand and reduce substance use disorders (SUDs) in justice-involved and other high-risk populations, as well as to disseminate the findings to inform and develop mHealth interventions. Justice- involved young adults are more likely to struggle with SUDs than the general population, and their substance use often involves polysubstance use rather than single drug use. However, there is limited understanding of the naturalistic settings and psychological and behavioral antecedents of polysubstance use in vulnerable young adults. Like other vulnerable subgroups, substance use has often been examined with traditional methodologies, such as cross-sectional or clinical/lab-based designs; yet, these assessment methods are not well suited to capture the real-time interactions experienced by most young adults under criminal justice supervision. In line with NIDA’s strategic objective of addressing real-world complexities of polysubstance use in vulnerable young adults, as well as identifying the context of these interactions to develop and disseminate effective interventions, this project will test the momentary psychological, behavioral, and geospatial risk for substance use in young adults under criminal justice supervision by integrating geographically-explicit ecological momentary assessment (GEMA) data with risk terrain modeling (RTM). I am a criminologist who uses a developmental psychopathology framework to study health-risk behaviors across the life course with a strong foundation in developmental psychopathology, longitudinal design methodologies, and substance use prevention. The proposed research and career development plan build directly on my prior experiences to provide greater knowledge and skills necessary to conduct innovative investigations of dynamic person-environment interactions underlying substance use risk with GEMA and RTM methodologies and to develop a novel just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) to reduce substance use in young adults enrolled in drug treatment court (DTC). Specific Aim 1 will (a) identify momentary relationships between daily stressors, affect, and alcohol use in a similarly vulnerable sample of homeless adults (N=77) that completed up to 5 daily GEMAs for 28 days and (b) test the associations between momentary geographic correlates of alcohol use and activity spaces on health-risk behaviors by combining GEMA data with RTM. Specific Aim 2 will collect GEMA data among a sample of young adults aged 18-25 enrolled in DTC to identify intervention targets for a future JITAI. Specific Aim 3 will develop and pilot test a novel smartphone-based JITAI to reduce substance use in young adults aged 18-25 enrolled in DTC. My mentorship team is well suited to facilitate the research and career development plan, with combined expertise in SUDs in vulnerable populations, GEMA analysis and design, RTM, and JITAI implementation and design.

项目摘要/摘要 K01导师研究科学家发展奖将有助于我建立长期的职业目标 一个独立资助的跨学科研究项目，专注于收集和分析密集的 纵向数据(ILD)，以了解和减少涉及司法和其他方面的物质使用障碍(SOD) 传播研究结果，以便向高危人群提供信息，并制定移动健康干预措施。正义-- 与普通人群相比，患有肥皂泡的年轻人更有可能与肥皂水作斗争，而且他们的物质 使用往往涉及多种物质的使用，而不是单一的药物使用。然而，人们对此的了解有限。 易感青年多物质使用的自然环境和心理行为影响因素 成年人。与其他弱势群体一样，药物使用通常用传统方法进行检查， 例如横断面或基于临床/实验室的设计；然而，这些评估方法不能很好地适用于 捕捉大多数年轻人在刑事司法监督下经历的实时互动。排队 NIDA的战略目标是解决弱势青少年在现实世界中使用多种物质的复杂性 以及确定这些互动的背景，以制定和传播有效的干预措施， 该项目将测试青少年使用药物的瞬时心理、行为和地理空间风险。 整合地理-显性生态瞬时评估的刑事司法监督下的成年人 (GEMA)数据和风险地形建模(RTM)。我是一名犯罪学家，使用的是发育性精神病理学 研究生命过程中的健康危险行为的框架，具有坚实的发展基础 精神病理学、纵向设计方法论和物质使用预防。拟议的研究 和职业发展计划直接建立在我以前的经验基础上，提供更多的知识和技能 有必要对潜在的动态人与环境相互作用进行创新调查 用GEMA和RTM方法评估物质使用风险并开发一种新的适时适应性干预方法 (吉泰)减少药物治疗法庭(DTC)登记的年轻人的药物使用。具体目标1将(A) 在一个同样易受伤害的样本中，确定日常应激源、情绪和饮酒之间的瞬时关系 在28天内每天完成最多5次GMAs的无家可归成年人(N=77)，以及(B)测试 饮酒和活动空间与危害健康行为的瞬时地理相关性 用RTM获取GEMA数据。特定目标2将在18-25岁的年轻人样本中收集GEMA数据 加入DTC，为未来的JITAI确定干预目标。《特定目标3》将开发并试行一部小说 基于智能手机的吉泰，旨在减少18-25岁参加DTC的年轻人的物质使用。我的导师之道 团队非常适合促进研究和职业发展计划，拥有以下方面的综合专业知识 弱势群体、GEMA分析和设计、RTM以及吉泰的实施和设计。