Applying causal inference methods to improve estimation of the real-world benefits and harms of lung cancer screening
应用因果推理方法来改进对肺癌筛查的现实益处和危害的估计
基本信息
- 批准号:10737187
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 34.86万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2023
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2023-07-01 至 2028-06-30
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AddressAdherenceAffectBehavioralBehavioral Risk Factor Surveillance SystemBreast Cancer DetectionCharacteristicsClinical TrialsCommunicationDataData SetData SourcesDecision AidDecision MakingDevelopmentDiagnostic ProcedureEarly DiagnosisEffectivenessEligibility DeterminationEquilibriumFemaleGeneral PopulationIndividualInterventionLeftLungMalignant NeoplasmsMalignant neoplasm of lungMedicare claimMethodologyMethodsNational Cancer InstituteNational Health Interview SurveyNorth CarolinaObservational StudyOutcomeOutcome AssessmentPatientsPatternPolicy MakerPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsProceduresProviderRandomizedRandomized, Controlled TrialsRecommendationRegistriesResearchResearch PersonnelRisk FactorsSamplingScreening for cancerSelection BiasSelection for TreatmentsSmokingSubgroupSurveysTimeUnited States Preventative Services Task ForceUpdateWorkcancer therapyclinical practicecolon cancer screeningcostdesignevidence basefollow-uphuman old age (65+)improvedintervention effectlow dose computed tomographylung cancer screeningmortalitynovelpractice settingrandomized trialroutine screeningscreeningscreening guidelinesscreening programshared decision makingtooltrial enrollmentuptake
项目摘要
ABSTRACT
Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that low-dose computed tomography can substantially reduce
lung cancer mortality, albeit at the cost of relatively high rates of false positives and complications from
downstream procedures. However, systematic differences between trial and general populations eligible for
lung cancer screening raise concerns about the relevance of trial findings for guiding the development and
dissemination of lung cancer screening programs in clinical practice. Despite clear recommendations from the
United States Preventative Services Task Force, lung cancer screening uptake and adherence remain low.
Several studies have documented dramatic and selective attrition across the screening continuum – where
about 10-20% of eligible individuals undergo lung cancer screening and of those, only about 40-60% are up-to-
date with their annual screening at 15 months. When the benefits and harms of an intervention vary across
subgroups and there is selective attrition, the balance of population-level benefits and harms is expected to
change. As such, there is an urgent need to better characterize the effectiveness of lung cancer screening with
low-dose computed tomography when applied to individuals outside of clinical trial settings. The primary
objective of this proposal is to generate real-world evidence of the benefits and harms of lung cancer screening
with low-dose computed tomography that explicitly considers the characteristics of populations at each step of
the screening continuum, from the screening-eligible, to the screened, to the adherent. To address this
objective, we will use cutting-edge causal inference methods, including trial transport and target trial emulation
using real-world data, which can avoid the potential for time-related biases. To carry-out our proposed
analyses, we will draw upon individual-level data from the randomized National Lung Screening Trial, as well
as four real-world datasets including the National Health and Interview Survey, the Behavioral Risk Factors
Surveillance Survey (Lung Cancer Screening Module), a 20% nationwide sample of Medicare claims, and the
North Carolina Lung Screening Registry. Findings from this study will generate information about the
effectiveness of lung cancer screening in real-world settings that can be used by patients, providers, and
policymakers. This work will enhance the evidence base used by policymakers to update screening
recommendations and refine decision aids to support communication with patients about screening net-
benefits during shared decision-making. Ultimately, this work will support efforts to improve the delivery of lung
cancer screening at the population level.
摘要
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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科研奖励数量(0)
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Louise Henderson其他文献
Louise Henderson的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Louise Henderson', 18)}}的其他基金
Comorbidity and Functional Status in a Population Undergoing Lung Cancer Screening
接受肺癌筛查人群的合并症和功能状态
- 批准号:
10434819 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 34.86万 - 项目类别:
Comorbidity and Functional Status in a Population Undergoing Lung Cancer Screening
接受肺癌筛查人群的合并症和功能状态
- 批准号:
10210249 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 34.86万 - 项目类别:
Comorbidity and Functional Status in a Population Undergoing Lung Cancer Screening
接受肺癌筛查人群的合并症和功能状态
- 批准号:
10030361 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 34.86万 - 项目类别:
Comorbidity and Functional Status in a Population Undergoing Lung Cancer Screening
接受肺癌筛查人群的合并症和功能状态
- 批准号:
10650152 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 34.86万 - 项目类别:
Evaluating Lung Cancer Screening Patterns and Outcomes through a North Carolina Registry
通过北卡罗来纳州登记处评估肺癌筛查模式和结果
- 批准号:
9768411 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 34.86万 - 项目类别:
Evaluating Lung Cancer Screening Patterns and Outcomes in Diverse Populations and Settings
评估不同人群和环境中的肺癌筛查模式和结果
- 批准号:
10658313 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 34.86万 - 项目类别:
Evaluating Lung Cancer Screening Patterns and Outcomes through a North Carolina Registry
通过北卡罗来纳州登记处评估肺癌筛查模式和结果
- 批准号:
10242671 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 34.86万 - 项目类别:
Developing a Lung Cancer Screening Registry in a State with a High Smoking Rate
在吸烟率高的州建立肺癌筛查登记处
- 批准号:
8637321 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 34.86万 - 项目类别:
Developing a Lung Cancer Screening Registry in a State with a High Smoking Rate
在吸烟率高的州建立肺癌筛查登记处
- 批准号:
8788924 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 34.86万 - 项目类别:
Technologists Effect on the Accuracy of Mammography (TEAM)
技术人员对乳房 X 线摄影准确性的影响 (TEAM)
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8435353 - 财政年份:2012
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