Impacts of hurricanes and social buffering on biological aging in a free-ranging animal model

飓风和社会缓冲对自由放养动物生物衰老的影响 模型 自然灾害对人类健康和福祉造成严重损害。这种灾难有 有可能加速衰老过程，这是大多数疾病的主要危险因素。 确定自然灾害加速老化的后果并减轻其影响， 因此至关重要。然而，自然灾害对所有人的影响并不相同- 个体健康结果的多样性。有证据表明，社会支持是 对包括自然灾害在内的逆境后果的重要缓冲。但恰恰 社会支持如何在皮肤下缓解与灾害相关的健康和寿命下降 仍然难以捉摸理解上的差距部分是由于道德和后勤挑战， 对灾区人类的研究，包括基线数据的可用性，以及我们的能力 为了量化跨越多于几个域的老化（例如，血液中的分子标记物，物理 脆弱）。人类也非常长寿，阻碍了对加速老化的纵向研究。 个人，他们往往移民远离环境灾难，偏见的主题 聚集在受影响人群的某些成员身上。这些困难可以通过以下方式克服： 研究寿命较短的非人类灵长类动物，这些动物与人类有许多共同的生物学和行为， 人类，暴露在自然灾害中。 本提案的目的是利用1年R56（R56- AG 071023）在我们的长期研究老化的恒河猴人口的Cayo圣地亚哥 岛屿，波多黎各，受到2017年飓风玛丽亚和2022年菲奥娜的严重影响。 我们的目标是利用这个自然实验模型来量化自然灾害如何影响 生物年龄在多个老化领域（分子，生理，物理），并测试是否社会 支持缓冲这些影响。 我们将量化自然灾害对生物年龄和老龄化速度（目标1）的影响， 三种方式：（a）使用数据，特别是死后组织，在个人，我们将测试，如果 经历过飓风的动物表现出比实际年龄更大的生物学年龄， （B）使用同一个活体个体的纵向数据，我们将测试他们的 飓风加速了它们老化的速度;（c）飓风之间的比较 玛丽亚和菲奥娜，我们将量化自然灾害的累积年龄效应，预测 经历过两次灾难的人，从生物学上看， 年龄，并有一个更快的速度老化，比个人只经历了一个。 然后，我们将量化社会支持对自然环境影响的缓冲程度， 生物年龄的灾难（目标2），使用跨老化领域的数据。我们预测， 社会支持越多，生物年龄越低，衰老速度越慢， 对飓风的反应，并将从年龄的影响积累多个缓冲 灾害 我们的研究将提供前所未有的见解，了解自然界如何 灾害影响老化过程，以及社会如何缓冲加速老化 资源，在最与人类相关的健康，疾病和衰老的动物模型-恒河猴中 猕猴。

Impacts of hurricanes and social buffering on biological aging in a free-ranging animal model Natural disasters are deeply damaging to human health and welfare. Such disasters have the potential to accelerate the aging process, which is the primary risk factor for most diseases. Identifying age-accelerating consequences of natural disasters and mitigating their impacts is therefore critical. However, natural disasters do not affect all individuals equally - there is abundant variation in individual health outcomes. Evidence suggests that social support is a critical buffer against the consequences of adversity, including natural disasters. But precisely how social support gets under the skin to mitigate disaster-linked declines in health and lifespan remains elusive. Gaps in understanding are partly the result of ethical and logistical challenges to the study of humans in disaster zones, including the availability of baseline data, and our ability to quantify aging across more than a few domains (e.g., molecular markers in blood, physical frailty). Humans are also very long-lived, impeding longitudinal study of accelerated aging within individuals, and they tend to emigrate away from environmental catastrophes, biasing subject pools toward certain members of affected populations. These difficulties can be overcome by studying shorter-lived nonhuman primates, which share much of their biology and behavior with humans, exposed to natural disasters. The objective of this proposal is to leverage pilot data generated by a 1-year R56 (R56- AG071023) in our long-term study of aging in the rhesus macaque population of Cayo Santiago island, Puerto Rico, which was heavily impacted by Hurricanes Maria in 2017 and Fiona in 2022. Our objective is to use this natural experimental model to quantify how natural disasters affect biological age in multiple aging domains (molecular, physiological, physical), and to test if social support buffers these effects. We will quantify the effects of natural disasters on biological age and the pace of aging (Aim 1) in three ways: (a) Using data, particularly post-mortem tissues, across individuals, we will test if animals that experienced a hurricane exhibit older biological ages for their chronological age than those who did not; (b) Using longitudinal data in the same living individuals we will test if their pace at which they are aging is accelerated by a hurricane; (c) Comparing across Hurricanes Maria and Fiona, we will quantify the cumulative age effects of natural disasters, predicting individuals that lived through two disasters will appear biologically older for their chronological age, and have a faster pace of aging, than individuals that only lived through one. We will then quantify the extent to which social support buffers against the effects of natural disasters on biological age (Aim 2), using data across aging domains. We predict that individuals with greater social support will exhibit lower biological ages, and a slower pace of aging, in response to a hurricane, and will be buffered from age effects accumulating over multiple disasters. Our study will provide unprecedented insights into fundamental questions about how natural disasters affect the aging process, and how accelerated aging can be buffered by social resources, in the most human-relevant animal model of health, disease, and aging – the rhesus macaque.