Health Disparities in Mexican American Women with Disabilities

描述(由申请人提供)：据估计，美国有300多万拉丁裔残疾妇女，她们报告的残疾程度高于白人、非西班牙裔白人残疾妇女；在一生中，拉丁裔经历了越来越多的功能障碍，日常生活活动更困难，以及由于残疾而导致的更多失业。造成这种健康差距的原因尚不清楚。这项申请要求四年的资金，以审查墨西哥裔美国人和白人非西班牙裔妇女的残疾经历，并比较这两类妇女在残疾方面的种族差异。人种学的多种方法--访谈、问卷调查、参与者观察、生活史日历和实地笔记--是收集数据的必要工具，这些数据是制定残疾解释模型和比较族裔群体之间结果差异所必需的。据估计，多达120名女性，60名墨西哥裔美国人和60名非西班牙裔白人，将根据年龄、性别、种族和行动不便等因素，采用有目的的抽样技术进行选择。目前的伤残程度将使用基于参与者观察的量化措施和实地笔记来描述。伤残的持续时间，伤残的主要描述，以及住宿的选择将通过局部传记访谈，参与者观察和生活史日历来探索。分析将基于传统的人种学分析：如斯普拉德利所指定的领域、成分和文化主题分析。公共卫生相关性：这项研究的结果将提供制定未来干预措施所需的理论知识基础，以解决墨西哥裔美国妇女在残疾方面的健康差距。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Latinas with disabilities, estimated at over 3 million U.S. women, report greater levels of disablement than White, Non-Hispanic White women with disabilities; over the life course Latinas experience increased numbers of functional limitations, more difficulties with activities of daily living, and more unemployment due to impairments. The reasons for this health disparity are unclear. This application requests four years of funding in order to examine the experience of disablement among Mexican American and White, Non-Hispanic women and to compare ethnic differences in disablement among the two groups of women. The multiple methods of ethnography - interviews, questionnaires, participant observation, life history calendars, and field notes - are essential tools for gathering the data that is necessary for developing explanatory models of disablement and for comparing differences in outcomes between ethnic groups. It is estimated that up to 120 women, 60 Mexican American and 60 Non-Hispanic White, will be selected based upon age, gender, ethnicity, and mobility impairment using purposeful sampling techniques. Current degrees of disablement will be described using quantitative measures and field notes based upon participant observation. Duration of disablement, emic descriptions of disablement, and selection of accommodations will be explored using topical biographical interviews, participant observation, and life history calendars. The analysis will be based on traditional ethnographic analyses: domain, componential, and cultural thematic analyses as specified by Spradley. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The results of this study will provide the theoretical knowledge base needed to develop future interventions addressing health disparities in disablement among Mexican American women.