Sleep Problems and Substance Use/Abuse in Adolescence and Young Adulthood

描述（由申请人提供）：该拟定研究项目是PI的首次R21提交。该项目旨在阐明睡眠问题（SP）与青少年和青年期物质使用/问题之间的关系。对成年人的研究表明，失眠预示着随后的药物滥用。一些横断面研究表明，SP是积极相关的物质使用在青春期。然而，只有少数前瞻性研究存在失眠和早期饮酒之间的关系。迄今为止的数据表明，特殊目的与男孩开始使用药物有关，但与女孩无关。作为对PA-06-238的回应，目前的提案寻求资金支持密歇根纵向研究（MLS）的二级数据分析。该项目有四个具体目标。首先，我们研究早期的睡眠问题是否可以预测青少年和青年期物质使用的发生。第二，我们测试早期的睡眠问题是否可以预测药物使用和滥用的升级。第三，我们研究了睡眠问题和物质使用之间关系的潜在介质。三个调解人将被检查-行为问题，同伴群体的选择，和神经生理唤醒。第四，我们评估了感知压力如何调节睡眠问题和物质使用之间的关系。我们特别感兴趣的是与这四个目标有关的可能的性别差异。密歇根纵向研究是一项正在进行的家庭研究，目前已进入第19个年头。这项研究招募了一个社区样本的酗酒和控制家庭。每隔3年对这些家庭的男女子女从学龄前（3-5岁）到青年（18-21岁）进行一次访谈。参与者还在11至17岁之间每年接受一次采访。在每个波收集关于SP和所有其他变量的信息。从参与者9岁开始收集有关物质使用的数据。该项目有可能记录另一种更接近生理学的机制，这些机制与那些已知在物质使用和问题出现中起核心作用的影响和行为指标有关。这是同类研究中的第一项工作，如果成功，将导致对睡眠问题对物质使用和情绪调节影响的更详细研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposed research project is the PI's first R21 submission. The project aims at articulating the relationship between sleep problems (SPs) and substance use/ problems in adolescence and young adulthood. Research in adults indicates that insomnia predicts subsequent onset of substance abuse. Several cross-sectional studies suggest that SPs are positively related to substance use in adolescence. However, only a few prospective studies exist on the relationship between insomnia and alcohol use earlier in life. So far the data indicate SPs are related to onset of substance use in boys but not in girls. In response to PA-06-238, the current proposal seeks funding to support secondary data analysis from the Michigan Longitudinal Study (MLS). The project has four specific aims. First, we examine whether earlier sleep problems prospectively predict onset of substance use in adolescence and young adulthood. Second, we test whether earlier sleep problems prospectively predict escalation in substance use and abuse once onset begins. Third, we examine potential mediators of the relationship between sleep problems and substance use. Three mediators will be examined - behavioral problems, peer group choices, and neurophysiological arousal. Fourth, we evaluate how perceived stress may moderate the relationships between sleep problems and substance use. We are especially interested in possible gender differences related to these four aims. The Michigan Longitudinal Study is an ongoing family study currently in its 19th year. The study recruited a community sample of alcoholic and control families. Male and female offspring of these families have been interviewed from preschool age (3-5 years old) to young adulthood (18-21 years old) at 3-year intervals. Participants were also interviewed at yearly intervals from ages 11 to 17. Information regarding SPs and all other variables was collected at each wave. Data on substance use were gathered from the participants beginning at age 9. This project has the potential to document another, more physiologically proximal mechanism related to those affect and behavioral indicators already known to be central in the emergence of substance use and problems. This is the first work of its kind, and if successful, would lead to more elaborated studies on the effects of sleep problems on substance use and affect regulation.