MCT OIL FOR ENHANCEMENT OF WEIGHT LOSS AND GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN OBESE DIABETIC PT

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This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of several co-morbid conditions associated with obesity, particularly central abdominal obesity. It has been demonstrated that modest weight loss (5-10% of total body weight) improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients; however, obese patients usually have extreme difficulty in losing weight and maintaining that weight loss with behavioral modification, diet control, and exercise. Special formula diets and/or pharmacotherapy are considered in diabetic patients with a BMI27 kg/m2 who have previously failed in weight reduction attempts. Medium chain triglycerides (MCT) that contain fatty acids with 6-12 carbon chain lengths are natural components of milk, coconut oil and palm kernel oils. Previous studies showed that MCT derived medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) are more oxidized than stored as fat both in vivo and in vitro (1,2). Feeding MCT to animals resulted in reduced fat cell numbers and smaller fat cell sizes (3). Moreover, our recent findings showed that MCFAs inhibit preadipocyte differentiation into fat cells and also down-regulate adipogenic genes in mature adiocytes. Together, these results suggest that a diet including MCT could potentially be useful for weight control.