PRENATAL PASSIVE EXPOSURE AND PREGNANCY OUTCOMES

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This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between level of prenatal passive smoke exposure and birth outcomes using hair nicotine analysis. The long-term objective of this research is to develop effective interventions to reduce prenatal exposure to passive smoke. With increased knowledge regarding the adverse health effects of passive smoke on fetal and infant health, mothers may take additional precautions to avoid exposure during pregnancy. A correlational, cross-sectional, non-experimental study using a quota sampling design will be used. A multiethnic population of 200 pregnant women will be recruited to participate. Data will be collected on self-reported secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, smoking history, home smoking policy, depressive symptoms, fetal health locus of control (FHLC), nicotine levels in maternal and infant hair and birth outcomes. Birth outcome data includes: birthweight, gestational age, method of delivery, delivery complications, and immediate newborn complications. All data will be collected during the immediate postpartum period (1-4 days following delivery). Participants will be asked to provide a hair sample for nicotine measurement of prenatal SHS exposure and a urine sample to validate smoking status. Newborn hair samples will also be collected and matched to their mother's sample. This research is critical for advancing the science of biomarker usage for measuring prenatal SHS smoke exposure, in order to correctly identify and quantify adverse effects of exposure on birth outcome.