SPATIO-TEMPORAL CODING OF ODOR

气味的时空编码

• 批准号: 7609753
• 负责人: KEVIN C DALY
• 金额: $ 24.49万
• 依托单位: WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-05-01 至 2008-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7609753
• 关键词: Affect; Animals; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Assay; Biological Models; Code; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Condition; Data; Discrimination; Funding; Goals; Grant; Human; Institution; Invasive; Lobe; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Molecular; Neurosciences; Odors; Output; Pattern; Perception; Population; Property; Reaction Time; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Sensory; Source; Stimulus; Structure; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; neurophysiology; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sphinx moth

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Perhaps the most important debate in olfactory neuroscience is whether the temporal transformation of olfactory input mediates the perception of odor. Confounding this debate is the observation that dynamic odor plume structure produces temporal responses that also affect odor discrimination. Our long term goals focus on understanding the functional role of the antennal lobe (AL) local circuitry in establishing temporally patterned output from the AL and how these spatio-temporal representations affect odor perception. These issues are central to basic understanding of normal olfactory function in humans. However, the experiments required to gain this understanding are invasive, thus, we the Sphinx Moth as a model system. The current proposal seeks to first characterize and control for stimulus dynamics (which include non-molecular properties of odor stimuli, such as stimulus concentration, duration and intermittency) that can affect both spatio-temporal responses from the AL and sensory perceptions. Our approach will use behavioral assays to characterize olfactory discrimination and under systematically varying stimulus conditions. Here we will establish the concentration thresholds below which animals are unable to: 1) detect odorants; and 2) discriminate between odorants. Next, we will quantify the effects of stimulus duration and intermittency on discrimination thresholds. This behavioral work establishes the stimulus dynamics parameters under which normal olfactory behaviors are produced and will provide reference data with which we can replicate stimulus conditions and use neurophysiological methods to characterize AL population responses. Here we will use established methods to quantify how uniquely a recorded neural population responds to different odorants across response time as a function of varying stimulus dynamics. The final aim of the proposal seeks to assess the relative contributions of two known temporal components to AL responses, slow patterns of neural bursting and silence and local field potential oscillations. We propose 3 methods to disrupt the relationship between the oscillations and the neural spiking activity and quantify the effect on our population measures of uniqueness of odor-driven responses.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心来说，它不一定是研究者的机构。 也许嗅觉神经科学中最重要的争论是嗅觉输入的时间转换是否介导了气味的感知。令人困惑的是，动态气味羽流结构产生的时间反应也会影响气味辨别。我们的长期目标侧重于了解触角 (AL) 局部电路在建立 AL 的时间模式输出方面的功能作用，以及这些时空表示如何影响气味感知。这些问题对于基本了解人类正常嗅觉功能至关重要。然而，获得这种理解所需的实验是侵入性的，因此，我们将狮身人面像蛾作为模型系统。目前的提案旨在首先表征和控制刺激动力学（包括气味刺激的非分子特性，例如刺激浓度、持续时间和间歇性），这些动力学可以影响 AL 的时空反应和感官知觉。我们的方法将使用行为分析来表征嗅觉辨别以及在系统变化的刺激条件下的特征。在这里，我们将建立浓度阈值，低于该阈值动物将无法：1）检测气味剂； 2) 区分气味剂。接下来，我们将量化刺激持续时间和间歇性对辨别阈值的影响。这项行为工作建立了产生正常嗅觉行为的刺激动力学参数，并将提供参考数据，我们可以利用这些数据复制刺激条件并使用神经生理学方法来表征 AL 群体反应。在这里，我们将使用既定的方法来量化记录的神经群体在响应时间内对不同气味的反应的独特性，作为不同刺激动态的函数。该提案的最终目标是评估两个已知时间成分对 AL 反应、神经爆发和沉默的缓慢模式以及局部场电位振荡的相对贡献。我们提出了 3 种方法来破坏振荡和神经尖峰活动之间的关系，并量化气味驱动反应的独特性对我们群体测量的影响。