SPATIO-TEMPORAL CODING OF ODOR

气味的时空编码

• 批准号: 7719930
• 负责人: KEVIN C DALY
• 金额: $ 16.84万
• 依托单位: WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-03-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7719930
• 关键词: Affect; Animals; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Assay; Biological Models; Code; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Condition; Data; Discrimination; Funding; Goals; Grant; Human; Institution; Invasive; Lobe; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Molecular; Neurosciences; Odors; Output; Pattern; Perception; Population; Property; Reaction Time; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Sensory; Source; Stimulus; Structure; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; neurophysiology; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sphinx moth

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Perhaps the most important debate in olfactory neuroscience is whether the temporal transformation of olfactory input mediates the perception of odor. Confounding this debate is the observation that dynamic odor plume structure produces temporal responses that also affect odor discrimination. Our long term goals focus on understanding the functional role of the antennal lobe (AL) local circuitry in establishing temporally patterned output from the AL and how these spatio-temporal representations affect odor perception. These issues are central to basic understanding of normal olfactory function in humans. However, the experiments required to gain this understanding are invasive, thus, we the Sphinx Moth as a model system. The current proposal seeks to first characterize and control for stimulus dynamics (which include non-molecular properties of odor stimuli, such as stimulus concentration, duration and intermittency) that can affect both spatio-temporal responses from the AL and sensory perceptions. Our approach will use behavioral assays to characterize olfactory discrimination and under systematically varying stimulus conditions. Here we will establish the concentration thresholds below which animals are unable to: 1) detect odorants; and 2) discriminate between odorants. Next, we will quantify the effects of stimulus duration and intermittency on discrimination thresholds. This behavioral work establishes the stimulus dynamics parameters under which normal olfactory behaviors are produced and will provide reference data with which we can replicate stimulus conditions and use neurophysiological methods to characterize AL population responses. Here we will use established methods to quantify how uniquely a recorded neural population responds to different odorants across response time as a function of varying stimulus dynamics. The final aim of the proposal seeks to assess the relative contributions of two known temporal components to AL responses, slow patterns of neural bursting and silence and local field potential oscillations. We propose 3 methods to disrupt the relationship between the oscillations and the neural spiking activity and quantify the effect on our population measures of uniqueness of odor-driven responses.

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 也许嗅觉神经科学中最重要的争论是嗅觉输入的时间转换是否介导了对气味的感知。混淆这场辩论是观察到的动态气味羽流结构产生的时间响应，也影响气味的歧视。我们的长期目标集中在了解触角叶（AL）的本地电路在建立时间模式的输出从AL和这些时空表示如何影响气味感知的功能作用。这些问题对于人类正常嗅觉功能的基本理解至关重要。然而，获得这种理解所需的实验是侵入性的，因此，我们将斯芬克斯蛾作为模型系统。目前的建议旨在首先表征和控制刺激动力学（包括气味刺激的非分子性质，如刺激浓度，持续时间和持久性），这可能会影响来自AL和感官知觉的时空响应。我们的方法将使用行为分析来表征嗅觉歧视和系统变化的刺激条件下。在这里，我们将建立浓度阈值，低于该阈值，动物无法：1）检测气味; 2）区分气味。接下来，我们将量化刺激持续时间和重复性对辨别阈值的影响。这项行为工作建立了刺激动力学参数下，正常的嗅觉行为的产生，并将提供参考数据，我们可以复制刺激条件和使用神经生理学方法来表征AL人口的反应。在这里，我们将使用已建立的方法来量化一个独特的记录神经种群如何在响应时间内响应不同的气味作为不同的刺激动力学的函数。该建议的最终目的是评估两个已知的时间分量AL反应，神经爆发和沉默和局部场电位振荡的缓慢模式的相对贡献。我们提出了3种方法来破坏振荡和神经尖峰活动之间的关系，并量化对我们的人口措施的独特性的气味驱动的反应的影响。