Factors Affecting Maintenance of New Learning in Aphasia

影响失语症维持新学习的因素

• 批准号: 7624985
• 负责人: Elizabeth H. Lacey
• 金额: $ 2.82万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-06-01 至 2010-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7624985
• 关键词: Acquired Language Disorders; Address; Adult; Affect; Americas; Anomia; Aphasia; Area; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Brain; Chronic; Complex; Control Groups; Data; Educational Status; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Human; Insurance; Intervention; Language; Language Disorders; Language Therapy; Learning; Lesion; Life; Literature; Maintenance; Maintenance Therapy; Measurable; Memory; Names; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Process; Production; Public Health; Rattus; Reporting; Research; Retrieval; Scanning; Speech; Symptoms; Technology; Testing; Time; Training; base; behavior measurement; clinical practice; design; effective therapy; improved; interest; intervention effect; language processing; motor skill learning; neuroimaging; phonology; response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One of the most prevalent symptoms observed in acquired disorders of language is word-finding difficulty or anomia. Though many promising therapies for language disorders have been developed, there are still fundamental questions that remain unanswered. Memory research established long ago that the most recently acquired memories are also the most fragile. Why then, does aphasia therapy usually end as soon as a pre-determined performance criterion has been reached? Might it make better sense to continue therapy, allowing these hard-earned memories the time they need to consolidate? It is still unclear what factors affect a patient's ability to maintain the benefits of these therapies for the long-term. Without knowing this, it is difficult to determine how many sessions of therapy are needed to achieve the maximum benefit. This project seeks to add to a growing literature on these topics. We will examine whether or not the continuation of therapy after a pre-set criterion has been reached could improve the long-term maintenance of the therapy. The study also seeks to understand the underlying changes in the brain associated with these different levels of training using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). By using multiple scanning sessions in a within-subjects design as well as by comparison to a control group, we will be able to draw conclusions about the effects of a commonly-used therapy and about the effects of continuing this therapy beyond where it would normally stop in clinical practice. If continuation of therapy proves to make performance gains longer-lasting, our fMRI data will be able to show us the activation patterns associated with a more permanent change in behavior. Almost 1 million adults live with aphasia in America today. Because anomia is its most prevalent symptom, it is essential to public health that we discover better ways of remediating it. We have much to learn about the anatomical changes associated with different types or levels of intensity of therapy in order to use neuroimaging technology to our greatest advantage.

描述（由申请人提供）：在获得性语言障碍中观察到的最常见症状之一是单词查找困难或命名障碍。虽然已经开发出许多有前途的语言障碍疗法，但仍有一些基本问题尚未得到解答。记忆研究很久以前就确定，最近获得的记忆也是最脆弱的。那么，为什么失语症治疗通常在达到预定的表现标准后就结束了呢？是否继续治疗更有意义，让这些来之不易的记忆有时间巩固？目前还不清楚是什么因素影响患者长期维持这些疗法的益处。如果不知道这一点，就很难确定需要多少次治疗才能获得最大的益处。该项目旨在增加关于这些主题的越来越多的文献。我们将检查在达到预设标准后继续治疗是否可以改善治疗的长期维持。该研究还试图利用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来了解与这些不同水平的训练相关的大脑潜在变化。通过在受试者内设计中使用多个扫描会话以及与对照组进行比较，我们将能够得出有关常用疗法的效果以及在临床实践中通常停止的情况下继续这种疗法的效果的结论。如果持续的治疗能使成绩提高更持久，那么我们的功能磁共振成像数据将能够向我们展示与更持久的行为改变相关的激活模式。今天，在美国有近一百万成年人患有失语症。由于失名症是其最常见的症状，因此我们必须找到更好的治疗方法，这对公共卫生至关重要。为了最大限度地利用神经影像技术，我们需要了解与不同类型或强度的治疗相关的解剖学变化。