HUMAN STUDY: BRAIN MECHANISM OF IMPULSIVITY IN BINGE EATING DISORDER

人体研究：暴食症中冲动的大脑机制

• 批准号: 7647110
• 负责人: SHEILA Mary SPECKER
• 金额: $ 11.71万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7647110
• 关键词: Addictive Behavior; Address; Age; Anisotropy; Anxiety; Arousal; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Binge Eating; Binge eating disorder; Boredom; Brain; Brain region; Bulimia; Cocaine; Cocaine Abuse; Cocaine Dependence; Cocaine Users; Cognitive; Control Groups; Data; Decision Making; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Drug Addiction; Drug abuse; Eating; Eating Disorders; Exanthema; Food; Gambling; Goals; Guilt; Health; Image; Imaging Techniques; Impulsive Behavior; Impulsivity; Individual; Magnetic Resonance; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measures; Mental Depression; Modeling; Motor; Negative Reinforcements; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Obesity; Occipital lobe; Participant; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Personality; Personality Tests; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacological Treatment; Pharmacotherapy; Plant Roots; Play; Positive Reinforcements; Public Health; Range; Reporting; Research Priority; Rewards; Role; Screening procedure; Stimulus; Symptoms; Techniques; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Weight; Woman; Work; addiction; base; cognitive control; discount; discounting; disorder control; disorder prevention; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; hedonic; human study; instrument; neurocognitive test; neuropsychological; pleasure; preference; response; sex; social; sweet taste perception; white matter

The overarching goal of this project is to test the hypothesis that impulsivity underlies pathological eating in obese participants with Binge Eating Disorder (BED). Our model proposes that binge eating is analogous to drug addiction, and impulsivity is an underlying factor in these addictive behaviors. Studies on patients with bulimia nervosa have reported greater impulsivity compared to normal controls, and there is an association between poor treatment response and high impulsivity in bulimics. There has been less work with BED and obese individuals; however, impulsivity might be expected to play a prominent role in excessive eating. This hypothesis is supported in a recent study indicating that women with BED show greater motor impulsivity on the Barratt Impulsivity Scale compared to those without BED (Nasser et al. 2004). In the proposed study, the cognitive and motor forms of impulsivity will be tested in participants with and without BED, using delay discounting (DD) and Go/No-go tasks, neurocognitive and personality tests, sweet-preference testing and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to test whether the impulsivity is associated with underlying neurobiological abnormalities in BED patients and controls. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) will be used to measure brain GABA levels with BED, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) will be used to observe white matter abnormalities that have been found in cocaine abusing individuals. Imaging results will be related to personality, impulsivity, and neuropsychological data, thus investigating the neurobiological roots of impulsivity in BED. BED and control groups will also be tested for sweet-taste preference, as preference for sweets is predictive of impulsive behavior and various forms of drug abuse. The specific aims for this project are: 1) To assess impulsivity in participants with BED compared to weight-matched controls by their performance on DD and Go/No-go tasks and to relate the results to personality instruments, neurocognitive measures, sweet preference, and imaging results. Comparisons will also be made to cocaine-using participants and controls in Project 2, 2) To assess white matter microstructure in participants with BED and controls using DTI measures, 3) to assess brain GABA in participants with BED and controls by employing MRS and correlating results with duration of illness as well as measures of impulsivity, personality and neurocognitive tests. Most of the proposed techniques have never been used in BED patients, and the findings will prove useful in understanding the relationship between BED, cocaine addiction, and impulsivity. These findings may aid in early screening of BED, prevention of obesity, and development of behavioral and pharmacological treatments for obese individuals.

该项目的总体目的是检验以下假设，即冲动性是病理饮食的基础 肥胖的患有暴饮暴食障碍（BED）的参与者。我们的模型提出暴饮暴食类似于 吸毒成瘾和冲动是这些上瘾行为的根本因素。有关患者的研究 与正常对照相比，神经性贪食症的冲动性更高，并且有关联 在治疗反应不佳和抗浓缩性之间。床的工作较少， 肥胖的个体；但是，冲动性可能会在过度饮食中发挥重要作用。这 在最近的一项研究中支持假设，表明患有床的妇女对运动的运动冲动更大 与没有床的那些相比，巴拉特冲动量表（Nasser等，2004）。在拟议的研究中， 冲动性的认知和运动形式将在有和没有床的参与者中测试，使用延迟 折现（DD）和执行/不执行任务，神经认知和个性测试，甜蜜的偏好测试和 磁共振成像（MRI）以测试冲动性是否与基础有关 床患者和对照组的神经生物学异常。磁共振光谱（MRS）将是 用于用床测量大脑GABA水平，扩散张量成像（DTI）将用于观察 在可卡因虐待个体中发现的白质异常。成像结果将是 与人格，冲动和神经心理学数据有关，从而研究了 冲动在床上。床和对照组也将测试甜味的偏好，作为偏好 糖果可以预测冲动行为和各种形式的药物滥用。该项目的具体目的 是：1）与他们的体重匹配对照相比，评估床的冲动性 在DD和GO/NO-GO任务上的表现，并将结果与​​个性工具，神经认知联系起来 措施，甜蜜的偏好和成像结果。还将与可卡因使用进行比较 项目2，2）的参与者和控件评估床和床的参与者的白质微观结构 使用DTI测量的对照，3）通过采用床和控制的参与者评估脑GABA MRS并将结果与​​疾病的持续时间以及冲动性，个性和 神经认知测试。大多数提出的技术从未在卧床患者中使用， 发现将被证明可用于了解床，可卡因成瘾和冲动之间的关系。 这些发现可能有助于早期筛查床，预防肥胖以及行为和发展的发展 肥胖个体的药理治疗。