HUMAN STUDY: BRAIN MECHANISM OF IMPULSIVITY IN BINGE EATING DISORDER

这个项目的首要目标是测试冲动是病态进食的基础的假设。 患有暴饮暴食障碍(床)的肥胖参与者。我们的模型提出暴饮暴食类似于 吸毒成瘾，而冲动是这些上瘾行为的一个潜在因素。对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的研究 与正常对照组相比，神经性暴食症患者的冲动更强，两者之间存在关联。 暴食症患者的治疗反应差和冲动高之间的关系。床上和床上的工作越来越少 肥胖的人；然而，冲动可能在暴饮暴食中起着突出的作用。这 最近的一项研究支持了这一假设，即女性在床上表现出更强的运动冲动 Barratt冲动量表与没有床的人的比较(Nasser等人。2004年)。在拟议的研究中， 认知和运动形式的冲动性将在有床和没有床的参与者中进行测试，使用延迟 折扣(DD)和进行/不进行任务、神经认知和个性测试、甜食偏好测试和 磁共振成像(MRI)以测试冲动性是否与潜在的 卧床患者和对照组的神经生物学异常。磁共振波谱(MRS)将是 使用BED测量大脑GABA水平，并将使用弥散张量成像(DTI)观察 在吸食可卡因的人身上发现的白质异常。成像结果将是 与个性、冲动和神经心理学数据有关，从而研究了 床上冲动。床和对照组也将接受甜味偏好测试，如偏好 甜食预示着冲动的行为和各种形式的药物滥用。这个项目的具体目标是 是：1)评估有床的参与者的冲动与体重匹配的对照组的比较 在DD和Go/No-Go任务上的表现，并将结果与人格测验、神经认知 测量、甜味偏好和成像结果。还将与可卡因的使用进行比较 项目2的参与者和对照组，2)评估有床和床的参与者的脑白质微结构 使用DTI测量的对照，3)评估有床和对照的参与者的大脑GABA MRS和相关结果与病程以及冲动、个性和 神经认知测试。大多数建议的技术从未在卧床患者中使用过，并且 研究结果将有助于理解床、可卡因成瘾和冲动之间的关系。 这些发现可能有助于早期筛查床上，预防肥胖，并发展行为和 肥胖者的药物治疗。

The overarching goal of this project is to test the hypothesis that impulsivity underlies pathological eating in obese participants with Binge Eating Disorder (BED). Our model proposes that binge eating is analogous to drug addiction, and impulsivity is an underlying factor in these addictive behaviors. Studies on patients with bulimia nervosa have reported greater impulsivity compared to normal controls, and there is an association between poor treatment response and high impulsivity in bulimics. There has been less work with BED and obese individuals; however, impulsivity might be expected to play a prominent role in excessive eating. This hypothesis is supported in a recent study indicating that women with BED show greater motor impulsivity on the Barratt Impulsivity Scale compared to those without BED (Nasser et al. 2004). In the proposed study, the cognitive and motor forms of impulsivity will be tested in participants with and without BED, using delay discounting (DD) and Go/No-go tasks, neurocognitive and personality tests, sweet-preference testing and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to test whether the impulsivity is associated with underlying neurobiological abnormalities in BED patients and controls. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) will be used to measure brain GABA levels with BED, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) will be used to observe white matter abnormalities that have been found in cocaine abusing individuals. Imaging results will be related to personality, impulsivity, and neuropsychological data, thus investigating the neurobiological roots of impulsivity in BED. BED and control groups will also be tested for sweet-taste preference, as preference for sweets is predictive of impulsive behavior and various forms of drug abuse. The specific aims for this project are: 1) To assess impulsivity in participants with BED compared to weight-matched controls by their performance on DD and Go/No-go tasks and to relate the results to personality instruments, neurocognitive measures, sweet preference, and imaging results. Comparisons will also be made to cocaine-using participants and controls in Project 2, 2) To assess white matter microstructure in participants with BED and controls using DTI measures, 3) to assess brain GABA in participants with BED and controls by employing MRS and correlating results with duration of illness as well as measures of impulsivity, personality and neurocognitive tests. Most of the proposed techniques have never been used in BED patients, and the findings will prove useful in understanding the relationship between BED, cocaine addiction, and impulsivity. These findings may aid in early screening of BED, prevention of obesity, and development of behavioral and pharmacological treatments for obese individuals.