MICROWAVE REMEDIATION OF HAZARDOUS MEDICAL WASTES
危险医疗废物的微波修复
基本信息
- 批准号:7682081
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 41.97万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2005
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2005-05-15 至 2010-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:Antiviral AgentsAreaAutomationBandageBenchmarkingBenignBiologicalCapitalChargeChemistryClientClinics and HospitalsCollaborationsCollectionComputer softwareContractsCoupledDentistryEngineeringEnhancersEnsureEnvironmental PollutionFundingFutureGossypiumHandHazardous WasteHeatingHospitalsHourHuman ResourcesImmersion Investigative TechniqueIn SituIncinerationIndustryIrisItalyLaboratoriesLawsLeftLegal patentLicensingLiquid substanceLocationMaintenanceManufacturer NameMarketingMechanicsMedicalMedical WasteMedical Waste DisposalMedicineMethodologyMethodsNew JerseyNew YorkOrganismParentsPennsylvaniaPerformancePhasePriceProcessProductionPublic HealthReagentRegulationResearchResidual stateRunningSamplingServicesSiteSmall Business Innovation Research GrantSpeedSteamSystemTeaching HospitalsTechniquesTechnologyTeflonTestingTimeTransportationUniversitiesVisitWaterWeightWorkantimicrobialbasebiodefensecommercializationcostdesignengineering designexperiencefeedinginstrumentinstrumentationinterestirradiationmedical schoolsmicrowave electromagnetic radiationmodel designnovelportabilitypressureprototypepublic health relevanceremediationwasting
项目摘要
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project proposes to build and test a 20 L capacity Remediator for medical wastes. Infectious Medical Wastes (IMW), mainly from hospitals, represents a major component of hazardous wastes generated in the U.S.. In fact, more than 4.5 million tons are generated per year. Hospital waste remediation was a $1.5 billion industry in 2003. Incineration remains the predominant disposal method, with continued problems of environmental pollution, severe local opposition, transportation, high costs and the threat of recent (1997) laws shutting down incinerators. This firm recently demonstrated a novel technique for remediation of IMW that involves submersing the IMW in proprietary liquids that are specifically activated by microwaves to generate antimicrobial and antiviral activity in a manner as or more effective than an autoclave. This technique uses unique, microwave-active liquids, proprietary microwave enhancers and simple, ambient-pressure techniques. It yields an extremely inexpensive, rapid, environmentally benign, local, point-of-service methodology for remediation of IMW, usable much as a local-area photocopier or shredder. The Phase 1 work further developed this, demonstrating application to a wide variety of mixed IMW, including metallic parts, bandages, gloves, cotton, etc. and actual hospital wastes. Typically, 400 g of wastes in 650 mL of microwave liquid could be remediated in 7 minutes using a 1.1 KW oven, with final weight/-volume reductions to < 15% of original. Detailed analyses of thermal degradation products of the microwave liquid and wastes showed none. A mechanical prototype of a Remediator was built and a fully-microwave-functional prototype was designed and evaluated. AOAC Sporicidal Tests and microwave-vs.-heat-only tests were also done in the prior work. In the proposed Phase 2 work, a fully functional Remediator will be built, tested and refined, to arrive at a design suitable for handing over to a large contract manufacturer. AOAC Sporicidal and quantitative tests and tests with actual hospital wastes will be used to verify performance, along with comparisons with extant benchmark methods. The work is a collaborative effort with a highly specialized microwave design company, one of the world's premier university microwave chemistry groups, the Regional Bio-Defense Lab, and a large hospital. Estimated remediation costs are $900/ton for this firm's technology, vs. $2900/ton for incineration, and more for microwave-steam methods. This firm's technology's estimated capital cost is less than $8 K for a 30 kg/hr throughput, as compared to $18 K for on-site autoclaving and $80 K for microwave-steam. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The technology could, potentially, entirely replace incineration of medical wastes (already beset with public health problems) as well as expensive methods such as in-situ autoclaving and microwave-steaming, yielding an inexpensive, environmentally benign, and local, point-of-service method for medical waste remediation, to great public benefit [1-26]. Independent studies [2-4] show it could initially (within 5 years) capture about 10% to 30% of the more than $2 billion (in 2008) medical waste remediation market, possibly more subsequently. This firm's technology's estimated running costs are 1/3 to 1/6 that of other methods, its capital costs are 1/3 to 1/10 of other methods, and, in contrast to other methods which (with the exception of incineration) leave a large amount of residual waste, it leaves less than 15% of the original volume of waste.
项目描述(申请人提供):本项目拟建设并测试一台20 L容量的医疗废物修复装置。传染性医疗废物(IMW)主要来自医院,是美国产生的危险废物的主要组成部分。事实上,每年产生超过450万吨。2003年,医院废物处理是一个价值15亿美元的行业。焚化仍然是主要的处理方法,但仍然存在环境污染、当地强烈反对、运输、高成本和最近(1997年)法律关闭焚化炉的威胁等问题。该公司最近展示了一种新的IMW修复技术,该技术涉及将IMW浸没在专用液体中,这些液体通过微波专门活化,以与高压灭菌器相同或更有效的方式产生抗微生物和抗病毒活性。该技术使用独特的微波活性液体,专有的微波增强剂和简单的环境压力技术。它产生了一个非常便宜的,快速的,环境友好的,本地的,服务点的方法来补救IMW,可用作本地复印机或碎纸机。第一阶段的工作进一步发展了这一点,展示了对各种混合IMW的应用,包括金属部件,绷带,手套,棉花等和实际的医院废物。通常,使用1.1千瓦的烘箱,在7分钟内可以补救650毫升微波液体中的400克废物,最终重量/体积减少到原始的15%以下。对微波液体和废物的热降解产物的详细分析表明没有。建立了修复器的机械原型,并设计和评估了全微波功能的原型。AOAC杀孢子试验和微波-与-在先前的工作中也进行了仅加热的测试。在拟议的第二阶段工作中,将建造、测试和完善一个功能齐全的修复器,以达到适合移交给大型合同制造商的设计。AOAC杀孢子和定量测试以及实际医院废物测试将用于验证性能,沿着与现有基准方法的比较。这项工作是与一家高度专业化的微波设计公司、世界上首屈一指的大学微波化学小组之一、区域生物防御实验室和一家大型医院合作的成果。该公司技术的估计补救成本为900美元/吨,焚烧为2900美元/吨,微波蒸汽法的成本更高。该公司的技术的估计资本成本为30公斤/小时的吞吐量低于8千美元,相比之下,现场高压灭菌为18千美元,微波蒸汽为80千美元。公共卫生相关性:该技术有可能完全取代医疗废物的焚烧(已经受到公共卫生问题的困扰)以及昂贵的方法,如原位高压灭菌和微波蒸汽处理,从而产生一种廉价,环境友好和本地的医疗废物修复服务点方法,以获得巨大的公共利益。独立研究[2-4]表明,它最初(5年内)可以占据超过20亿美元(2008年)医疗废物修复市场的10%至30%,随后可能会更多。该公司的技术的估计运行成本是其他方法的1/3至1/6,其资本成本是其他方法的1/3至1/10,并且与其他方法(焚烧除外)留下大量残余废物相比,它留下的废物不到原始体积的15%。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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PRASANNA CHANDRASEKHAR其他文献
PRASANNA CHANDRASEKHAR的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('PRASANNA CHANDRASEKHAR', 18)}}的其他基金
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