Cancer Detection Using Diffuse Luminescence Imaging

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的重点是使用氧敏磷光标签和混合成像模式的乳腺癌成像和肿瘤表征领域。我们建议同时使用漫射光学断层扫描（DOT）和磁共振成像（MRI）来获得乳房肿瘤的高空间分辨率和定量功能图像。由于许多临床和科学原因，在临床前模型中注射造影剂成像和组织内氧浓度成像是重要的。肿瘤中低氧含量是肿瘤耐辐射区域的标志，也与不良的治疗结果相关。在基础研究应用中，了解肿瘤中缺氧的发生机制及其与外源性和内源性低氧标志物的关系也非常重要。在第一阶段，结合标准漫射光学断层扫描（DOT），我们获得了乳房组织缺氧区域的高对比度图像，使用长寿命氧敏感造影剂和一个简单的寿命成像系统与冷却雪崩光电二极管模拟幻象。在第二阶段，将开发一个CW和时域寿命成像模块的原型，该模块将在一个冷却的16元雪崩光电二极管（APD）阵列上进行并行采集，以实现高分辨率和高通量成像。这种低成本、紧凑的寿命成像仪模块将被设计成与混合成像系统中与MR单元相关的高磁场和射频场兼容。在我们位于新罕布什尔州达特茅斯学院（Thayer工程学院Brian Pogue教授）的合作设施中，在双模成像设置中使用该APD模块，将对幻影和动物模型进行成像，以获得高分辨率和高对比度的功能性光学图像。同时获得的高分辨率MR图像的空间和解剖信息将有助于光学图像的重建，以提高这些图像的准确性。基于APD的紧凑型探测器原型占地面积小，将安装在MRI单元的磁铁内部，大大降低了当前基于PMT的检测系统的复杂性。公共卫生相关性：混合成像与同时漫射发光成像和磁共振成像可用于获得基于其氧浓度的高分辨率肿瘤功能图。低氧乳腺癌检测是主要的目标应用，目的是提高外源性造影剂的诊断准确性和治疗预后。其他应用包括脑成像以监测脑功能或脑出血，以及监测组织和肌肉氧合、组织毒性等。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The focus of the proposal is in the area of breast cancer imaging and tumor characterization using oxygen sensitive phosphorescent labels and hybrid imaging modality. We propose to use simultaneous diffuse optical tomography (DOT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to obtain high spatial-resolution and quantitative functional images of breast tumors. Imaging in pre-clinical models with injected contrast agents and imaging the oxygen concentration within tissue are important for a number of clinical and scientific reasons. Low oxygen content in tumors is a marker of radiation-resistant tumor regions, and is also correlated with a poor treatment outcome. For basic research applications, it is also very important to understand how hypoxia develops in tumors and how it is correlated with exogenous and endogenous markers of low oxygen. During Phase I, in conjunction with standard diffuse optical tomography (DOT), we obtained high contrast images of hypoxic regions in breast tissue simulating phantoms using long-lived oxygen sensitive contrast agents and a simple lifetime imaging system with cooled avalanche photodiodes. In Phase II, a prototype of the CW and time domain lifetime imaging module will be developed which will have parallel acquisition across a cooled 16-element avalanche photodiode (APD) array for high resolution and high throughput imaging. The low-cost, compact lifetime imager module will be designed to be compatible with high magnetic and RF fields associated with MR units in hybrid imaging systems. Using this APD module in a dual-modality imaging setup at our collaborator's facility at Dartmouth College, NH (Prof. Brian Pogue, Thayer School of Engineering), phantom and animal model imaging will be performed to obtain functional optical images with high resolution and high contrast. The optical image reconstruction will be aided by the spatial and anatomical information obtained from simultaneously obtained high-resolution MR images in order to improve the accuracy of these images. The compact APD based detector prototype will have a small footprint and will be mounted inside the magnet of the MRI unit, dramatically decreasing the complexity of the current PMT based detection systems. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Hybrid imaging with simultaneous diffuse luminescence imaging and magnetic resonance imaging can be used to obtain high resolution functional maps of tumors based on their oxygen concentration. Hypoxic breast cancer detection is the primary target application, with the goal of improving diagnostic accuracy and treatment prognosis using exogenous contrast agents. Other applications could include brain imaging to monitor cerebral function or cerebral hemorrhage, and monitoring tissue and muscle oxygenation, histotoxicity, etc.