Work-Family Policies and Child and Family Well-Being

描述（由申请人提供）：这个项目的总体目标是调查政府的工作家庭政策如何影响母亲和父亲在劳动力市场上的工作决定，对孩子的照顾安排，以及孩子和家庭的福祉。这些问题对越来越多的父母工作的家庭来说是很重要的，对低收入和单亲家庭来说尤其重要，因为如果没有政府或雇主的帮助，这些家庭可能无法很好地照顾他们的孩子。在之前工作的基础上，我们将解决三个主要问题。第一个问题涉及公共政策对父母就业和有婴儿家庭照料安排的影响。虽然我们知道FMLA和州育儿假法增加了休假的覆盖面，但我们不知道他们增加了多少休假的使用。特别是，我们对父亲以及他们如何使用假期知之甚少。而且，我们对福利（及相关）政策和儿童保育政策对有婴儿的家庭的工作和照顾安排的影响知之甚少。我们将使用6月份CPS和ECLS-B的数据来研究这些问题。我们的第二个相关问题涉及公共政策对父母就业和一岁后儿童护理安排的影响。关于福利和儿童保育政策对父母就业和照顾安排的影响，我们还有很多需要了解的地方。我们将使用NLSY79、ECLS-B和ECLS-K的数据来解决这个问题。我们的第三个问题涉及公共政策对儿童和家庭福祉的影响。本研究的重点是育儿假、福利和儿童保育政策，这些政策可能通过各种机制影响儿童和家庭的结果，最明显的是通过改变就业水平和收入，或改变儿童保育安排。在之前工作的基础上，我们将研究育儿假、福利和儿童保育政策如何影响儿童和家庭的结果。我们还将调查这些影响的持久性，以及它们是如何被其他因素介导或调节的，包括就业和护理安排的变化，以及家庭收入。这部分研究将使用NLSY79、ECLS-B、ECLS-K和NICHD-SECC的数据。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this project is to investigate how government work-family policies affect mothers' and fathers' decisions about work in the labor market, care arrangements for their children, and child and family well-being. These issues are important for the growing number of families where parents work, and are particularly relevant for low-income and single-parent families who may be less able to make good provisions for the care of their children without assistance from the government or employers. Building on our prior work, we will address three main questions. The first question concerns the effects of public policies on parental employment and care arrangements for families with infants. Although we know that the FMLA and state parental leave laws have increased leave coverage, we do not know how much they have increased leave usage. In particular, we know very little about fathers, and their use of leave. And, we know little about the effects of welfare (and related) policies and child care policies on the work and care arrangements of families with infants. We will examine these issues using data from the June CPS and ECLS-B. Our second, and related, question concerns the effects of public policies on parental employment and care arrangements for children after the first year of life. We have much to learn about the effects of both welfare and child care policies on parents' employment and care arrangements. We will tackle this question using data from the NLSY79, ECLS-B, and ECLS-K. Our third question concerns the impact of public policies on child and family well-being. The parental leave, welfare, and child care policies that are the focus of this research might affect child and family outcomes through a variety of mechanisms, most notably by changing employment levels and incomes, or by altering children's care arrangements. Building on our prior work, we will examine how parental leave, welfare, and child care policies affect child and family outcomes. We will also investigate the persistence of these effects, and how they are mediated or moderated by other factors including changes in employment and care arrangements, as well as household incomes. This portion of the study will use data from NLSY79, ECLS-B, ECLS-K, and NICHD-SECC.