Deformable mapping of MRI and MRSI data to TRUS images to guide prostate biopsy

描述（由申请人提供）：用于癌症诊断和分期的前列腺活检的最常见程序涉及在经直肠超声成像（TRUS）的引导下从直肠引入小规格针。在大多数情况下，TRUS 很难区分或根本无法区分前列腺中的正常组织和癌症，因此为靶向前列腺内的局部危险区域提供了最少的指导。我们的假设是，可以通过方法来克服这一缺点，将前列腺内可疑组织体积的患者特异性图谱（由活检前磁共振（MR）和磁共振波谱（MRS）图像构建）变形映射到活检期间的 TRUS 图像，作为准确置针的目标。该提案中描述的近期研究涉及试点研究，使用一种新颖且特别有效的统计可训练变形形状模型（SDSM）（称为 m-reps）来执行此映射。用于癌症诊断和分期的前列腺活检最常见的程序是在经直肠超声成像 (TRUS) 的指导下从直肠引入小规格针。在大多数情况下，TRUS 很难区分或根本无法区分前列腺中的正常组织和癌症，因此为靶向前列腺内的局部危险区域提供了最少的指导。所提出的方法将通过将活检前磁共振 (MR) 和磁共振波谱 (MRS) 图像中的可疑组织体积的患者特异性图谱映射到活检期间的 TRUS 图像，以作为准确置针的目标，从而克服这一缺点。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The most common procedure for prostate biopsy for cancer diagnosis and staging involves the introduction of small-gauge needles from the rectum under the guidance of trans-rectal ultrasound imaging (TRUS). In most cases TRUS differentiates poorly or not at all between normal tissue and cancer in the prostate and therefore provides minimal guidance for targeting localized regions at risk within the prostate. Our hypothesis is that this shortcoming can be overcome by methodology to deformably map a patient-specific atlas of suspicious tissue volumes within the prostate, built from pre-biopsy magnetic resonance (MR) and magnetic resonance spectroscopic (MRS) images, to TRUS images during biopsy to serve as targets for accurate needle placement. The near-term research described in this proposal involves pilot studies using a novel and especially effective class of statistically trainable deformable-shape model (SDSM) called m-reps to perform this mapping. The most common procedure for prostate biopsy for cancer diagnosis and staging involves the introduction of small-gauge needles from the rectum under the guidance of trans-rectal ultrasound imaging (TRUS). In most cases TRUS differentiates poorly or not at all between normal tissue and cancer in the prostate and therefore provides minimal guidance for targeting localized regions at risk within the prostate. The proposed methodology will overcome this shortcoming by mapping a patient-specific atlas of suspicious tissue volumes from pre-biopsy magnetic resonance (MR) and magnetic resonance spectroscopic (MRS) images to TRUS images during biopsy to serve as targets for accurate needle placement.