Deformable mapping of MRI and MRSI data to TRUS images to guide prostate biopsy

描述(申请人提供)：用于癌症诊断和分期的最常见的前列腺活检程序包括在经直肠超声成像(TRUS)的引导下从直肠引入小口径针头。在大多数情况下，TRUS对正常组织和前列腺癌之间的区别很差，甚至根本不区分，因此为定位前列腺癌内的局部危险区域提供了最小的指导。我们的假设是，这一缺陷可以通过将患者特定的前列腺内可疑组织体积图谱变形地映射到活检过程中的TRUS图像来克服，该图谱从活检前的磁共振(MR)和磁共振波谱(MRS)图像构建，作为准确针头放置的目标。这项建议中描述的近期研究包括使用一种新颖且特别有效的可统计训练的可变形形状模型(SDSM)来执行这种映射的试点研究。用于癌症诊断和分期的最常见的前列腺活检程序包括在经直肠超声成像(TRUS)的引导下从直肠引入小口径针头。在大多数情况下，TRUS对正常组织和前列腺癌之间的区别很差，甚至根本不区分，因此为定位前列腺癌内的局部危险区域提供了最小的指导。建议的方法将克服这一缺点，将患者特定的可疑组织体积图谱从活检前的磁共振(MR)和磁共振波谱(MRS)图像映射到活检过程中的TRUS图像，作为准确放置针头的目标。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The most common procedure for prostate biopsy for cancer diagnosis and staging involves the introduction of small-gauge needles from the rectum under the guidance of trans-rectal ultrasound imaging (TRUS). In most cases TRUS differentiates poorly or not at all between normal tissue and cancer in the prostate and therefore provides minimal guidance for targeting localized regions at risk within the prostate. Our hypothesis is that this shortcoming can be overcome by methodology to deformably map a patient-specific atlas of suspicious tissue volumes within the prostate, built from pre-biopsy magnetic resonance (MR) and magnetic resonance spectroscopic (MRS) images, to TRUS images during biopsy to serve as targets for accurate needle placement. The near-term research described in this proposal involves pilot studies using a novel and especially effective class of statistically trainable deformable-shape model (SDSM) called m-reps to perform this mapping. The most common procedure for prostate biopsy for cancer diagnosis and staging involves the introduction of small-gauge needles from the rectum under the guidance of trans-rectal ultrasound imaging (TRUS). In most cases TRUS differentiates poorly or not at all between normal tissue and cancer in the prostate and therefore provides minimal guidance for targeting localized regions at risk within the prostate. The proposed methodology will overcome this shortcoming by mapping a patient-specific atlas of suspicious tissue volumes from pre-biopsy magnetic resonance (MR) and magnetic resonance spectroscopic (MRS) images to TRUS images during biopsy to serve as targets for accurate needle placement.