AUDITORY MECHANISMS OF SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT

社会参与的听觉机制

• 批准号: 7292429
• 负责人: RHEA PAUL
• 金额: $ 29.29万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-04-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7292429
• 关键词: 1 year old; Acoustics; Advocate; Affect; Affective; Age; Age-Months; Area; Auditory; Autistic Disorder; Child; Classification; Cognitive; Communication; Communication impairment; Competence; Condition; Cues; DSM-IV; Data; Development; Developmental Delay Disorders; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Early identification; Failure; Goals; Growth; Heterogeneity; Infant; Language; Language Development; Life; Measures; Methods; Names; Ocular Fixation; Outcome; Partner in relationship; Pattern; Performance; Phonetics; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Process; Property; Purpose; Relative (related person); Research; Risk; Screening procedure; Signal Transduction; Social Development; Speech; Speech Perception; Stimulus; Stress; Subgroup; Symptoms; Syndrome; Tars; Testing; Time; Visual; Visual attention; Work; analog; auditory stimulus; autism spectrum disorder; base; computerized data processing; developmental disease; deviant; diagnostic accuracy; experience; follow-up; lexical; peer; preference; psychosocial; research study; social; social skills; sound

Disorders of communication are core deficits in autism. Children with ASD not only have problems with expressive language, they also show deficits in understanding, as well as early failures to orient to speech and name. This project aims to examine precursors of these deficits by invetsigating auditory preferences known to be present in typically developing infants and to support the growth of social engagment and language. We aim to test the following hypotheses: 1) older infants (12-24 mo.) with symptoms of ASD will show reduced preference, relative to typical and developmental^ delayed peers, for listening to speech under controlled experimental conditions, as opposed to nonsocial auditory stimuli with analogous acoustic properties; 2) they will show reduced preference, relative to TD and DD peers, for speech with "motherese" prosody, as opposed to speech with neutral prosody; 3) they will show reduced experience-based preferences for word forms with the predominant stress and phonotactic patterns of English, relative to TD and DD peers; 4) listening preferences at 12-24 mo. (Time 1) will discriminate children who meet diagnostic criteria for ASD from those with TD and DD, when diagnosis is confirmed at 36-48 mo. (Time 2); and 5) these listening preferences will be correlated with concurrent degree of communicative and social competence at Time 1, and will predict language and social competence at Time 2. We request 5 years of support to examine these hypotheses in one year-olds and to follow the ASD and DD groups to 36-48 mo. For Hypotheses 1-3, the infant-controlled visual fixation paradigm, a method used for the last ten years in the study of infant speech perception, will be used to examine group differences in auditory preferences at Time 1. For Hypotheses 4-5, data from the auditory preference experiments will be used to predict diagnostic outcome categorically at Time 2, as well as to predict dimensional measures of social, cognitive, language, and adaptive development, both cross-sectionally (at Time 1), and longitudinally (at Time 2). Longer-term goals are to develop these paradigms, in conjunction with the visual measures studied in Projects 1 and 2, into infant screening methods for ASD, as the IACC Autism Research Matrix advocates. This information will also be used to generate hypotheses regarding treatment to optimize early auditory experiences, in efforts aimed at achieving the Matrix goal of increasing the prevalence of spoken langugage in ASD to 90%.

沟通障碍是自闭症的核心缺陷。患有自闭症的儿童不仅有 尽管语言富于表现力，但他们也表现出理解能力的缺陷，以及早期对语言的不适应 和名字。这个项目旨在通过研究听觉偏好来检查这些缺陷的前兆。 已知存在于典型发育中的婴儿中，并支持社交参与的成长和 语言。我们的目标是检验以下假设：1)较大的婴儿(12-24个月)有ASD症状的Will 相对于典型的和发育迟缓的同龄人，表现出对听语言的降低的偏好 在受控的实验条件下，与具有类似声学的非社会听觉刺激相反 属性；2)相对于TD和DD同龄人，他们将表现出比TD和DD同龄人更低的偏好 韵律，而不是中性韵律的讲话；3)他们将表现出更少的经验基础 相对于TD，对英语重音和音位模式占优势的词形的偏好 和DD同伴；4)12-24个月的收听偏好。(时间1)将歧视符合诊断标准的儿童 房间隔缺损的诊断标准来自TD和DD患者，确诊时间为36-48个月。(时间2)；和5) 这些听力偏好将与交际和社交的并行程度相关 在时间%1的能力，并将在时间%2预测语言和社交能力。我们要求5年 支持在一岁儿童中检验这些假说，并跟踪ASD和DD组到36-48个月。 对于假设1-3，婴儿控制的视觉注视范式，一种在过去十年中使用的方法 对婴儿言语知觉的研究，将被用来检验群体在不同时间的听觉偏好差异 1.对于假设4-5，将使用来自听觉偏好实验的数据来预测诊断 在时间2分类结果，以及预测社会、认知、语言 和适应性发展，既有横向的(时间1)，也有纵向的(时间2)。更长期的 目标是结合项目1和2中研究的视觉措施，发展这些范例， 如IACC自闭症研究矩阵所倡导的那样，将ASD的婴儿筛查方法纳入其中。此信息将 也被用来产生关于治疗的假设，以优化早期听觉体验，努力 旨在实现MATRIX的目标，将ASD的口语流行率提高到90%。