STUDIES OF SOCIAL COMMUNICATION IN SPEAKERS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

自闭症谱系障碍患者社交沟通的研究

• 批准号: 7716929
• 负责人: RHEA PAUL
• 金额: $ 27.88万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7716929
• 关键词: 12 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affective; Age-Years; Area; Asperger Syndrome; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Brain; Child; Clinical; Competence; Control Groups; Count; Cues; Data; Depth; Development; Disabled Persons; Doctor of Philosophy; Elements; Emerging Technologies; Follow-Up Studies; Foundations; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Grant; Human; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Language; Lead; Linguistics; Measures; Memory; Methods; Mind; Not Otherwise Specified; Numbers; Participant; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Pervasive Development Disorder; Play; Population; Prevalence; Problem Solving; Process; Production; Protocols documentation; Range; Rate; Research Personnel; Rhea; Role; Sampling Studies; Social Interaction; Speech; Standards of Weights and Measures; Stress; Structure; Technology; Testing; Time; Visuospatial; Work; autism spectrum disorder; design; handicapping condition; interest; neuroimaging; peer; preadolescence; skills; social; social communication; therapy development; treatment program

Project III The proposed study will examine two components of social communication in speakers with autism: conversational pragmatics, especially as these are impacted by the presence of narrow interests; and production and perception of prosody. These skills will be examined in a cross-sectional design at two developmental levels: preadolescence and adolescence, and will contrast performance among speakers at all points on the Autism Spectrum Disorder with typical development. The studies grow out of our on-going interest in social communication and its manifestation in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with high levels of intellectual and linguistic ability, but significant impairment in the capacity to achieve social interaction. Study 1 examines in depth the ability to produce appropriate speech acts in a structured conversation, using a scripted, naturalistic interactive protocol that is designed to elicit specific speech acts and yields a quantitative measure of conversational skill. In addition to observing whether or not the target speech acts are produced, the protocol also uses a dynamic assessment format to provide a sequenced hierarchy of prompts, and rates the level of prompt needed to elicit acts that do not occur spontaneously. An additional aspect of the protocol is the assessment of impact of narrow interests on pragmatic performance. Performance on this protocol will be compared to a rating of pragmatic skills in an unstructured peer interaction. This study has the potential to yield a standard quantitative, validated measure of pragmatic competence for use in clinical settings to evaluate pragmatic ability and measure change in treatment. Study 2 extends our work on the role of prosody in social communication deficits in ASD. We propose to use a newly available measure of prosody, normed on typical children, to assess 3 levels of prosodic function -- grammatical, pragmatic, and affective- in subjects with ASD. This study will also include fMRI work using the receptive prosody tasks. Patterns of prosodic production, and their change over the two developmental periods in the study, will also be examined, using both clinical and speech technology methods. These data will be help to elucidate the relations between prosodic perception and production, identify prevalence and patterns of prosodic deficits within ASD, and lead toward the development of intervention approaches to address these deficits.

项目 III 拟议的研究将检查说话者社交沟通的两个组成部分 自闭症：会话语用学，尤其是当这些语用学受到狭隘兴趣的影响时； 以及韵律的产生和感知。这些技能将在两点的横截面设计中进行检验 发育水平：青春期前和青春期，并将对比不同时期说话者的表现 具有典型发展的自闭症谱系障碍的所有要点。这些研究源于我们正在进行的 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 患者对社交沟通的兴趣及其表现 高水平的智力和语言能力，但实现社交能力严重受损 相互作用。研究 1 深入考察以结构化的方式产生适当言语行为的能力 对话，使用脚本化的自然交互协议，旨在引发特定的言语行为 并产生对话技巧的定量测量。除了观察目标是否达到 产生言语行为时，该协议还使用动态评估格式来提供有序的 提示的层次结构，并对引发非自发行为所需的提示级别进行评级。一个 该议定书的另一个方面是评估狭隘利益对务实表现的影响。 该协议的表现将与非结构化同行的实用技能评级进行比较 相互作用。这项研究有可能产生一个标准的、定量的、经过验证的务实衡量标准。 在临床环境中评估实用能力和衡量治疗变化的能力。学习 2 扩展了我们关于韵律在自闭症谱系障碍社交沟通缺陷中的作用的研究。我们建议使用一个 新推出的韵律测量方法以典型儿童为规范，用于评估 3 个级别的韵律功能—— 自闭症谱系障碍患者的语法、语用和情感。这项研究还将包括使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）工作 接受性韵律任务。韵律产生模式及其在两个发展过程中的变化 在研究期间，还将使用临床和语音技术方法对患者进行检查。这些数据 将有助于阐明韵律感知和产生之间的关系，确定流行度和 ASD 中韵律缺陷的模式，并导致干预方法的发展 解决这些缺陷。