Antidiabetic Constituents from the Dominican Medicinal Plant Momordica charantia

描述(申请人提供)：苦瓜是多米尼加传统药物中广泛使用的治疗糖尿病的植物。该项目假设，从苦瓜果实中分离出的活性化合物通过增加(3-细胞)复制和功能来降低血糖浓度，从而改善胰岛素分泌。为了验证这一假设，将提取、分级并用p-细胞分析测试苦瓜的果实，以鉴定其活性部位。将使用各种层析方法从活性组份中分离出生物活性化合物。在分离后，活性化合物将使用现代植物化学技术进行鉴定，并进一步使用(3-cell)进行体外测试，以量化针对一种已确定的口服降血糖药物的效果作为参考。其中两种生物活性化合物将根据它们在(3-细胞系)中的活性、化学结构的独特性和产量来选择进行体内测试。然后，选定的化合物将在肥胖诱导的高血糖小鼠模型上进行测试，并与治疗II型糖尿病的常用处方药的阳性对照一起进行测试，以从功能上研究化合物的降血糖活性。此外，从果实中分离出的活性化合物将在苦瓜的茎和叶中进行定量，因为这些植物的这些部分被用于传统的多米尼加药物。许多传统疗法在科学界和医学界都没有得到严格的研究。因此，该项目将提供植物化学技术和研究方面的培训，以及草药科学研究所需的技能方面的培训。这种跨学科的培训对于在补充和替代医学的严格科学研究中实现终身职业目标至关重要。苦瓜是一种广泛使用的植物，用于治疗世界上最具威胁性的疾病之一--糖尿病。虽然已经对这种植物的抗糖尿病活性进行了研究，但很少有研究严格测试这种具有生物活性的查尔提亚化合物的具体作用机制。这项研究的结果将使人们能够在更明智的情况下决定在糖尿病治疗中使用轮状分枝杆菌。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Momordica charantia is a widely-used plant in traditional Dominican medicine for diabetes treatment. This project hypothesizes that the active compounds isolated from M. charantia fruits lower blood glucose concentrations via an increase in (3-cell replication and function, resulting in improved insulin secretion. To test this hypothesis, the fruits of M. charantia will be extracted, fractionated, and tested with a p-cell assay in order to identify the active fractions. Various chromatographic methods will be used to isolate the bioactive compounds from the active fractions. After isolation, the active compounds will be identified using modern phytochemical techniques and further tested in vitro using (3-cells to quantify the effects against an established oral hypoglycemic drug as a reference. Two of the bioactive compounds will be selected for in vivo testing based on their activity in the (3-cell line, uniqueness of chemical structure, and yield. The selected compounds will then be tested in a mouse model of obesity-induced hyperglycemia along with positive controls of commonly prescribed medications for Type II diabetes mellitus to functionally investigate the compounds' hypoglycemic activity. In addition, the active compounds isolated from the fruit will be quantified in the stems and leaves of M. charantia, as these parts of the plants are used in traditional Dominican medicine. Many traditional remedies have not been rigorously researched in the scientific and medical communities. Therefore, this project will provide training both in phytochemical techniques and research, and also in the skills necessary for the scientific research of herbal medicine. This interdisciplinary training is vital to a goal of a lifetime career in the rigorous scientific study of complementary and alternative medicine. Momordica charantia is a widely-used plant in treating one of the world's most threatening diseases, diabetes. Although this plant's antidiabetic activity has been researched, very few studies have rigorously tested the bioactive M. charantia compounds for specific mechanisms of action. The results of this study will allow people to make more informed decisions about the use of M. charantia in diabetes treatment.