Influence of Built Environments on the Development of Obesity During Childhood

背景：越来越多的证据表明，建筑环境与体力活动、饮食质量以及 肥胖。本研究的目的是评估建成环境对纵向的影响。 南方16个社区11797名儿童的体重指数(BMI)变化 加利福尼亚。这项研究将侧重于邻里层面的因素对进步的贡献作用 走向超重和肥胖或“肥胖轨迹”。我们将这些轨迹定义为 超重和肥胖的时间进程与年龄调整的增长曲线的比较 一群人。 方法：我们对DSC《儿童健康》中的6,259名儿童进行了超过8年的测量 研究(CHS)(注册时年龄9-10岁，随访结束时达到18岁)。我们将补充这一点 对新队列中的5538名儿童(招募时年龄为6-7岁)进行了4年的跟踪调查 随访至11-12年)。参与者已经被彻底地描述为年度 测量身高和体重、肺功能、体力活动、基线饮食摄入量、性别、 种族、民族和社会经济地位(SES)。CHS数据将与建成的措施相结合 地理信息系统中派生的环境。我们将测试建造的 使用空间统计和多水平生长曲线模型的环境和肥胖轨迹。 具体目标：(1)评估社区建筑环境对肥胖的影响 轨迹和(2)探索个人(即性别、种族、社会经济地位)和背景变量 (例如，空气污染)改变了建筑环境和肥胖轨迹之间的联系。 意义：此应用程序的特定优势包括对构建的 环境对儿童体重状况的前瞻性变化，直接评估儿童体重 年度状况、有效利用现有环境和个人数据以及评估能力 不同民族/种族对建筑环境和肥胖之间关系的潜在差异影响。 该项目将确定建成环境中显著影响 儿童肥胖的发展。这些发现可能会对公共卫生产生影响，涉及到 构建建筑环境以防止儿童肥胖。

Background: Growing evidence now links the built environment to physical activity, dietary quality, and obesity. The goal of this study is to assess the influence of the built environment on longitudinal changes in body mass index (BMI) in a cohort of 11,797 children from 16 communities across Southern California. This study will focus on the contributing role of neighborhood-level factors to the progression toward overweight and obesity or "obesogenic trajectories". We define these trajectories as the temporal progression toward overweight and obesity compared to age-adjusted growth curves for the cohort. Methods: We build on over 8 yrs of measurements on 6,259 children in the DSC Children's Health Study (CHS) (ages 9-10 at enrollment, reaching 18 years at end of follow up). We will supplement this data set with 4+ years of follow up on 5,538 children in a new cohort (ages 6-7 years at recruitment with follow up until they are 11-12 years). Participants have been thoroughly characterized with annual measurements of height and weight, lung function, physical activity, baseline dietary intake, gender, race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES). CHS data will be integrated with measures of the built environment derived in a Geographic Information System. We will test the impact of the built environment and obesogenic trajectories using spatial statistics and multilevel growth curve models. Specific Aims: (1) To assess the effects of the neighborhood built environment on obesogenic trajectories and (2) To explore whether individual (i.e., gender, race, SES) and contextual variables (i.e., air pollution) modify the association between the built environment and obesogenic trajectories. Significance: Specific strengths of this application include the examination of the effects of the built environment on children's prospective change in weight status, direct assessment of children's weight status annually, efficient use of existing environmental and individual data, and the ability to evaluate potential differential effects across ethnicity/race on the relation between built environment and obesity. This project will identify specific variables in the built environment that significantly influence the development of obesity in children. These findings could have public health implications with respect to structuring the built environment to prevent obesity in children.