Computer Integrated Systems for Microscopy&Manipulation

描述（由申请人提供）：生命的特征-运动性，适应性和复制-发生是因为分子作为个体并组织成细胞和组织，产生并响应力。单个细胞内数千个分子马达的协同活动使纤毛振荡，导致肺屏障液长距离流动。感染、炎症和转移涉及单个细胞的运动，通过内部形状的变化，通过推动自身膜的力量，剥离、拉扯和与血管腔内特定蛋白质的滚动，或由分子单位的聚合推动。复制包括通过有丝分裂纺锤体对染色体进行大规模重排，产生沿中板组织染色体的力，感知通过检查点的力，最终通过聚合力将着丝点拉向两极。在过去的十年中，通过基因组学和蛋白质组学进行结构鉴定的进展与通过力来理解功能的精美工具相匹配。我们资源的目标是开发力技术，应用于广泛的生物环境，从单分子到组织水平，通过可视化和建模，集成系统协调易于控制，多模态成像和分析。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The hallmarks of life - motility, adaptation and replication - occur because molecules as individuals and organized into cells and tissues, generate and respond to forces. The coordinated activity of thousands of molecular motors within single cells oscillates cilia to cause the flow of the pulmonary barrier fluid over long distances. Infection, inflammation, and metastasis involve the motility of single cells moving through internal changes of shape with forces pushing against their own membranes, peeling, pulling, and rolling with specific proteins in the lumen of blood vessels, or propelled by polymerization of molecular units. Replication involves the wholesale rearrangement of chromosomes through the mitotic spindle, generating forces to organize the chromosomes along the midplate, sensing forces to pass through the checkpoint to finally pull the kinetochores poleward with polymerization forces. Over the past decade the advances in structure identification through genomics and proteomics has been matched by exquisite tools for understanding function through forces. The goal of our resource is to develop force technologies to be applied over a wide range of biological settings, from the single molecule to the tissue level, with integrated systems that orchestrate facile control, multimodal imaging and analysis through visualization and modeling. The individual collaboration projects that steer our technology development cover a wide range of phenomena in molecular biophysics, cell biology and biomedical science. They cover length scales ranging from single molecule (mucin, myosin, MutS) to macromolecular complexes (fibrin fibers, viruses), cells (Plexin, cell motility, cell division), tissue cultures (human lung cell cultures) and macroscopic biomaterial properties (mucus rheology). Our Resource develops new instrument technologies for enabling flexible force measurements, including magnetic technologies, integrated atomic force and fluo