Mental Health Prevention Science for Child Maltreatment

描述（由申请人提供）：本指导性研究科学家发展奖申请提出了一项为期 5 年的职业发展计划，以启动申请人作为独立儿童虐待预防科学家的职业生涯。申请人的长期目标是了解虐待和问题养育代际循环的潜在机制，并制定、实施和评估新的预防计划，以中断这些循环和随后的儿童心理健康。 拟议的培训活动将支持申请人在四个领域的职业发展： (a) 虐待儿童和精神病理学的衡量； (b) 对虐待儿童的纵向数据进行定量分析； (c) 心理健康干预措施的制定和预防研究设计； (d) 负责任地进行伦理研究，特别是针对受创伤的人群和社区。这些领域的培训将通过以下方式进行：(a) 精神病学、心理学和儿科领域的儿童虐待科学家的直接指导和监督； (b) 讲习班、课程和辅导； (c) 参加临床病例会议和病例研究； (d) 参加当地和场外工作组、研讨会系列以及专业会议和会议。 拟议的由四部分组成的研究计划将探讨母亲童年时期遭受虐待和忽视的经历与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）与其养育子女的几个方面之间的联系，包括她们的身体虐待和忽视以及有问题的养育行为。的 将检验这些关联的假设：(a) 由母亲在依恋方面的心态以及与纪律和行为相关的社会信息处理模式介导； (b) 受到母亲与依恋对象、同伴、伴侣和心理治疗师的支持关系的调节。首先，将通过对纵向、多站点 LONGSCAN 项目（N = 820）的数据进行二次分析来检查母亲童年时期的身体虐待与后来的养育行为之间的关联。其次，一项新的前瞻性纵向调查将探讨孕妇童年时期身体虐待和忽视、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和精神困扰的历史与其随后的养育行为之间的关联（N = 200）。第三，将制定一项 R01 拨款提案，以对儿童虐待、养育子女和儿童心理健康结果之间的关联进行进一步的纵向研究。第四，将制定一项 R21 拨款提案，为那些经历过童年虐待（身体虐待和忽视）以及极有可能遭受身体虐待、忽视和/或影响儿童行为结果和精神功能的问题养育行为的孕妇规划一项基于经验的预防计划。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application for a mentored research scientist development award proposes a 5-year career development plan to launch the applicant's career as an independent child maltreatment prevention scientist. The applicant's long-term goals are to understand the mechanisms underlying intergenerational cycles of maltreatment and problematic parenting, and to develop, implement, and evaluate novel prevention programs to interrupt these cycles and subsequent child mental health. Proposed training activities will support the applicant's career development in four areas: (a) the measurement of child maltreatment and psychopathology; (b) quantitative analysis of longitudinal child maltreatment data; (c) mental health intervention development and prevention research design; (d) the responsible conduct of ethical research, specifically with traumatized populations and in the community. Training in each of these areas will be pursued through (a) direct mentoring and supervision from child maltreatment scientists in the fields of psychiatry, psychology and pediatrics; (b) workshops, coursework, and tutorials; (c) participation in clinical case conferences and case studies; and (d) participation in local and off-site working groups, seminar series, and professional meetings and conferences. The proposed, four-part research plan will address the associations between mothers' childhood experiences of abuse and neglect and PTSD and several aspects of their parenting, including their perpetration of physical abuse and neglect and problematic parenting behaviors. The hypotheses will be tested that these associations are (a) mediated by mothers' states of mind with respect to attachment and social information processing patterns related to discipline and behavior; and (b) moderated by mothers' supportive relationships with attachment figures, peers, partners, and psychotherapists. First, associations between mothers' childhood physical abuse and later parenting behaviors will be examined through secondary analyses of data from the longitudinal, multi-site LONGSCAN project (N = 820). Second, a new, prospective longitudinal inquiry will address the associations between pregnant women's histories of childhood physical abuse and neglect, PTSD, and psychiatric distress and their subsequent parenting behaviors (N = 200). Third, an R01 grant proposal will be developed to conduct further longitudinal research on the associations between childhood maltreatment, parenting and child mental health outcomes. Fourth, an R21 grant proposal will be developed to plan an empirically-based prevention program for pregnant women who experienced childhood maltreatment (physical abuse and neglect) and who are at high risk of perpetrating physical abuse, neglect, and/or problematic parenting behaviors that affect child behavioral outcomes and psychiatric functioning.