Linking Personality and SES Influences on Lifespan Health

将人格与社会经济地位对寿命健康的影响联系起来

• 批准号: 7679540
• 负责人: Benjamin P Chapman
• 金额: $ 12.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7679540
• 关键词: Adopted; Affect; Age; Aging; Area; Attention; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Markers; Cohort Studies; Complement; Complex; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Data Sources; Development; Disadvantaged; Doctor of Philosophy; Elderly; Epidemiology; Fellowship; Follow-Up Studies; Funding; Future; Genes; Grant; Half-Life; Hand; Hawaii; Health; Health behavior; Heterogeneity; Individual; Inflammatory; Interleukin-6; K-Series Research Career Programs; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Style; Link; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Measurement; Medical center; Mentors; Minority; Modeling; Outcome; Pattern; Personality; Personality Traits; Persons; Platelet Factor 4; Preparation; Primary Health Care; Process; Psychologist; Psychology; Public Health; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Resources; Risk; Sample Size; Sampling; Shapes; Social Environment; Social Psychology; Socioeconomic Factors; Stratification; Structure; Taxonomy; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Universities; Ursidae Family; base; biological adaptation to stress; burden of illness; cohort; deprivation; design; experience; follow-up; health disparity; healthy aging; heuristics; middle age; programs; psychologic; skills; social; social inequality; socioeconomics; statistics; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In this K08 Mentored Career Development Award application, Ben Chapman, PhD, a psychologist at the University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), proposes to integrate approaches from personality psychology and social epidemiology to study socioeconomically (SES) based health disparities across the latter part of life. Proposed are a comprehensive educational plan, original data collection, and secondary analyses of existing datasets designed to equip the applicant to become a leading investigator of how the social stratification in lifespan health trajectories is influenced by individual personality. He will receive formal training in social epidemiology, health and aging, and multilevel statistics through formal coursework and mentored didactics with a team of nationally recognized experts in these areas. Dr. Chapman's research program proposes two scientific aims, based on a synthesis of theory and findings from social epidemiology and personality and health, under a conceptual framework of life course epidemiology. The Aims examine the interaction between personality and SES factors influencing health behaviors and general illness burden across the second half of life. New data collection focuses on how personality influences health under conditions of socioeconomic deprivation, involving 18-24 month follow up of a pilot cohort (N=106) of ethnically diverse, lower SES middle age and older adults currently being accrued. This will provide Dr. Chapman with valuable experience following a small cohort over a short time, in preparation for larger studies, and obtain health data rare in existing data sources, like inflammatory biomarkers. Existing data sources are selected for longitudinal information on personality, SES, and health, permitting well-powered hypothesis tests over the Midlife Development in the US, Hawaii Culture and Health, and Older Adults in Primary Care studies. From a public health view, lifespan health is powerfully tied to social inequalities; but not all disadvantaged people suffer worse, and not all advantaged people enjoy better health as they age. Attention to individual psychological and behavioral dispositions can aid understanding of this heterogeneity. Blending personality and social epidemiology will better illuminate the interface between person and social structure in healthy aging.

描述（由申请人提供）：在这个K 08辅导职业发展奖申请，本查普曼博士，心理学家在罗切斯特医学中心（URMC）的大学，建议整合人格心理学和社会流行病学的方法来研究社会经济学（SES）为基础的健康差距在生命的后期。提出了一个全面的教育计划，原始数据收集和现有数据集的二次分析，旨在使申请人成为终身健康轨迹中社会分层如何受到个人个性影响的主要研究者。他将接受社会流行病学，健康和老龄化，并通过正式的课程和指导教学与国家认可的专家在这些领域的团队多层次统计的正式培训。查普曼博士的研究计划提出了两个科学目标，基于社会流行病学和人格与健康的理论和发现的综合，在生命过程流行病学的概念框架下。目的研究人格和SES因素之间的相互作用，影响健康行为和下半生的一般疾病负担。新数据收集的重点是在社会经济剥夺的条件下，人格如何影响健康，涉及18-24个月的试点队列（N=106）的种族多样性，较低的SES中年和老年人目前正在积累。这将为查普曼博士在短时间内跟踪一个小队列提供宝贵的经验，为更大规模的研究做准备，并获得现有数据源中罕见的健康数据，如炎症生物标志物。现有的数据源被选择为纵向信息的个性，社会经济地位和健康，在美国，夏威夷文化和健康，老年人在初级保健研究的中年发展，允许良好的动力假设检验。从公共卫生的角度来看，终身健康与社会不平等密切相关;但并非所有弱势群体的情况都更糟，也并非所有老年人的健康状况都随着年龄的增长而改善。关注个体的心理和行为倾向有助于理解这种异质性。将人格和社会流行病学相结合将更好地阐明健康老龄化中人与社会结构之间的界面。