Family of Origin Bilingualism and ADRD: An Epidemiologic Study of 377,000 Older Adults in the US

原住民家庭双语和 ADRD：对美国 377,000 名老年人的流行病学研究

• 批准号: 10717888
• 负责人: Benjamin P Chapman
• 金额: $ 38.35万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-15 至 2027-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10717888
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Age of Onset; Alzheimer' s disease diagnosis; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer' s disease risk; American; Architecture; Awareness; Back; Biogenesis; Brain; Censuses; Cessation of life; Childhood; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Cohort Studies; Complement; Country; Data; Dementia; Development; Diagnosis; Education; Educational Status; Elderly; Epidemiology; Family; Generations; Health; Home; Household; Immigration; Incidence; Individual; Laboratories; Language; Life; Life course epidemiology; Link; Literature; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Population; Prospective, cohort study; Records; Relative Risks; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Risk; Role; Sampling; Socioeconomic Factors; Socioeconomic Status; Talents; Testing; United States Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services; Update; age group; bilingualism; cognitive ability; cognitive enhancement; cognitive reserve; cognitive testing; cohort; design; disorder risk; epidemiology study; executive function; follow-up; high school; indexing; lens; mortality; prevent; skills; theories

Project Summary/Abstract: Evidence for links between bilingualism and Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders (ADRD) is mixed and arises from a range of study designs. Few prospective cohort studies exist in the US, where associations between bilingualism and ADRD may be confounded by socioeconomic status (SES) and immigration status. We propose to fill this gap by examining the association between bilingual family of origin and ADRD over 50 years later in Project Talent, a sample of 377,000 individuals representative of the current cohort of older Americans. Project Talent participants completed a comprehensive battery of measures in 1960 when they were in high school (age 13-17), including data on languages spoken in the home, cognitive tests, socioeconomic factors, and parental immigration status. We will extend assessment of family immigration status back to 1950 by linking participant data to the newly released 1950 individual census records. The cohort already has established linkages with the Center for Medicaid and Medicare Services (CMS) and National Death Index (NDI) which we propose to update. This will ascertain ADRD outcomes when the cohort is 76-80, a period of rapid increasingly incidence. We will address three major questions through a life course epidemiology lens. First, has been unclear if bilingualism is associated with ADRD incidence in general, or with age of diagnosis. Our follow-up period allows us to address both questions, which reduce to an issue of shifting relative risks with age. The design also permits us to address another issue that has been largely ignored, competing risk censoring. Second, SES and immigration status may be important confounders of any links. Detailed measurements of both family SES and immigration status will permit us to determine whether one or both of these factors confound any observed associations between family of origin bilingualism and ADRD. As well, adolescent cognitive ability may function as a mediator, explaining a portion of the association. Third, our sample is large enough to explore questions of moderation by language type, and speculations about mediation or moderation by attained education (the latter within a subsample followed up at age 29). In summary, the proposed study would be the largest to date on these questions of which we are aware and features a sample directly relevant to the current generation of US older adults.

项目摘要/摘要：双语与阿尔茨海默病及相关疾病之间联系的证据 疾病（ADRD）是混合性的，来自一系列研究设计。在以下人群中， 在美国，双语和ADRD之间的联系可能会受到社会经济地位的影响 (SES)和移民身份我们建议通过研究双语家庭之间的联系来填补这一空白， 50年后，在人才项目中，377，000名代表 现在的美国老年人。项目人才参与者完成了一系列全面的措施 在1960年，当他们在高中（13-17岁），包括在家里说的语言的数据，认知 测试，社会经济因素，和父母的移民身份。我们将扩大对家庭的评估 通过将参与者数据与新发布的1950年个人人口普查联系起来，将移民身份追溯到1950年 记录该队列已经与医疗补助和医疗保险服务中心建立了联系 (CMS)以及我们建议更新的国家死亡指数（NDI）。这将确定ADRD结果， 年龄组为76-80岁，这是发病率迅速上升的时期。我们将通过一个 生命过程流行病学透镜。首先，目前尚不清楚双语是否与ADRD的发病率有关， 一般，或与诊断年龄有关。我们的后续阶段使我们能够解决这两个问题，这减少到一个 随着年龄的增长，相对风险会发生变化。该设计还允许我们解决另一个问题， 大部分被忽视，竞争风险审查。其次，社会经济地位和移民身份可能是重要的混杂因素 任何链接。对家庭社会经济地位和移民身份的详细测量将使我们能够确定 这些因素中的一个或两个是否混淆了任何观察到的家庭起源双语之间的联系 和ADRD。同样，青少年的认知能力可能起着中介作用，解释了部分原因。 协会第三，我们的样本足够大，可以按语言类型探索适度问题， 关于中介或适度的猜测，通过所获得的教育（后者在一个子样本中， 29岁）。总而言之，拟议的研究将是迄今为止就我们所关注的这些问题进行的最大规模的研究。 了解并提供与当前一代美国老年人直接相关的样本。