Measuring Neighborhood: Key Aspects for Multiethnic Older Adults' Health Status

衡量社区：多民族老年人健康状况的关键方面

• 批准号: 7629000
• 负责人: IRENE H YEN
• 金额: $ 11.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7629000
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Area; Censuses; Characteristics; Chicago; Crime; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Development Plans; Disease; Economics; Elderly; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Faculty; Fibrinogen; Health; Health Status; Health behavior; Homes for the Aged; Income; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Label; Life; Literature; Low income; Measurement; Measures; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Minority; National Institute on Aging; Neighborhoods; Patient Self-Report; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Principal Investigator; Qualitative Research; Race; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Resources; Role; San Francisco; Services; Side; Socioeconomic Status; Statistical Methods; Strategic Planning; Structure; Surveys; Time; Training; Translating; Trees; Unemployment; Work; age group; base; career; career development; cohesion; contextual factors; coping; design; experience; federal poverty level; health disparity; neighborhood association; programs; racial and ethnic; social; socioeconomics; tool; tool development; trafficking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) proposes to provide the candidate, an early-career investigator with the UCSF Resource Center for Minority Aging Research (RCMAR), further training in measurement tool development and assessment, advanced statistical methods, and qualitative research methods. The additional training would enable her to pursue a career as an independent investigator identifying key social and environmental mechanisms that create racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities among older adults. In the shorter term, building on prior work of the candidate, this K01 focuses on the neighborhood environment as a possible key factor influencing health and contributing to health disparities. She proposes a career development plan that consists of coursework, training, and research experiences with a mentoring team of senior faculty and external mentors with expertise in the areas of measurement development, minority aging, health disparities, qualitative research methods, and advanced statistical methods. The research program consists of three parts: secondary data analysis, qualitative research project, and creation of a new pilot neighborhood measurement tool. Part one of the research program is analysis of the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP), investigating the cross- sectional and longitudinal associations of neighborhood environment with perceived health status. Neighborhood environment is assessed in CHAP by self-report, street observations, census data, and secondary data on crime and traffic. Part two of the research program is intensive semi-structured interviews of older adults who are from diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds and live in economically diverse neighborhoods. The adults will be asked about the meaning of their neighborhood, the resources they use in their neighborhoods, the challenges they confront, how they cope with difficulties, and their health status. The interview data will be analyzed for key themes. In Part three, these themes will be translated into survey items to create a pilot measurement tool for neighborhood environment. Identifying mechanisms for health disparities among older adults is a priority of the NIA five-year strategic plan. Neighborhood environments could be crucial given that as people age they may be more dependent on their immediate surroundings.

描述（由申请人提供）：这个指导研究科学家发展奖（K 01）建议提供候选人，一个早期的职业生涯调查与UCSF资源中心少数民族老龄化研究（RCMAR），进一步培训测量工具的开发和评估，先进的统计方法和定性研究方法。额外的培训将使她能够从事独立调查员的职业，以确定在老年人中造成种族/民族和社会经济差异的关键社会和环境机制。在短期内，在候选人先前工作的基础上，该K 01侧重于社区环境，作为影响健康和造成健康差异的可能关键因素。她提出了一个职业发展计划，包括课程，培训和研究经验，与高级教师和外部导师的指导团队，在测量发展，少数民族老龄化，健康差距，定性研究方法和先进的统计方法领域的专业知识。该研究计划包括三个部分：二手数据分析，定性研究项目，并创建一个新的试点邻里测量工具。研究计划的第一部分是对芝加哥健康与老龄化项目（简称健康项目）的分析，调查社区环境与感知健康状况的横截面和纵向关联。邻里环境评估在自行车的自我报告，街道观察，人口普查数据，和犯罪和交通的二手数据。研究计划的第二部分是对来自不同种族/民族背景并居住在经济多样化社区的老年人进行密集的半结构化访谈。成年人将被问及他们社区的意义、他们在社区使用的资源、他们面临的挑战、他们如何科普困难以及他们的健康状况。访谈数据将针对关键主题进行分析。在第三部分中，这些主题将转化为调查项目，以创建一个试点测量工具，邻里环境。确定老年人健康差异的机制是国家老龄化协会五年战略计划的一个优先事项。邻里环境可能是至关重要的，因为随着人们年龄的增长，他们可能更依赖于他们的周围环境。