CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION IN DIABETES

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 这是一项纵向前瞻性重复测量小组研究，旨在观察空气污染是否影响心血管系统，以及它是否影响糖尿病患者的心血管系统或糖尿病风险高于非糖尿病患者。这项研究还将观察与交通有关的颗粒物污染是否比其他类型的污染更能影响心血管系统。该研究不是随机的，没有干预。空气污染和响应变量之间的关系将使用分层混合模型进行分析，以纳入重复测量设计，并允许检查效果修改。 在流行病学研究中，观察到糖尿病患者对环境空气颗粒物的影响特别敏感，特别是在心血管结局方面。了解为什么这是真的可能会提供对颗粒毒性机制的深入了解。为了评估这些假设，需要获得稳定的糖尿病受试者的人口，可以前瞻性地跟踪和匹配的详细的日常测量环境颗粒物污染浓度。在75名参与者（25名糖尿病患者，25名代谢综合征患者，25名无糖尿病患者）的5次重复访视中，研究的主要目的是检验以下假设：1）基础动脉张力（直径），肱动脉反应性，桡动脉脉搏波，亚临床炎症标志物和心血管风险受到颗粒空气污染的不利影响。2)患有2型糖尿病的受试者和患有代谢综合征的受试者使他们处于糖尿病的高风险中，与糖尿病受试者相比，这些心血管健康指标对空气污染相关的变化更敏感。3)与空气污染的关联主要是由于交通相关的颗粒物，如通过黑碳和颗粒物数量密度测量的。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. This is a longitudinal prospective repeated measures panel study looking to see if air pollution affects the cardiovascular system and if it affects the cardiovascular system of people with diabetes or who are at risk for diabetes more than people without diabetes. This study will also look to see if traffic-related particle pollution affects the cardiovascular system more than other kinds of pollution. The study is not randomized and there is no intervention. The relation between air pollution and the response variables will be analyzed using a hierarchical mixed model to incorporate the repeated measures design and allow examination of effect modification. In epidemiological studies, people with diabetes have been observed to be especially sensitive to the effects of ambient airborne particles, especially with regard to cardiovascular outcomes. Understanding why this is true may provide insight into the mechanisms of particle toxicity. To assess these hypotheses requires access to stable population of diabetic subjects that can be followed prospectively and matched to detailed daily measurements of ambient particulate pollution concentrations. In a population of 75 participants (25 with diabetes, 25 with metabolic syndrome, 25 without diabetes) examined at 5 repeated visits, the main aims of the study are to test the following hypothesis: 1) Basal arterial tone (diameter), brachial artery reactivity, radial artery pulse wave, markers of sub-clinical inflammation, and cardiovascular risk are adversely affected by particulate air pollution. 2) Subjects with type 2 diabetes, and subjects with metabolic syndrome placing them at high risk for diabetes are more sensitive to air-pollution related changes in these indicators of cardiovascular health than subjects with diabetes. 3) The association with air pollution is primarily due to traffic related particles, as measured by black carbon and particle number density.