MALARIA

该子项目是利用 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。列出的机构是 中心，不一定是研究者的机构。 疟疾是迄今为止世界上最重要的热带寄生虫病。 它导致3亿至5亿人临床患病，其中150万至270万人死亡。 撒哈拉以南非洲仍然是世界上疟疾流行最严重的地区，90%的病例和死亡，大多数是儿童，在这个地区，约30%的门诊咨询和高达20%的住院治疗是由于疟疾。 这对经济和社会发展造成重大干扰。 美国的疟疾病例与国际旅游有关，每年诊断和治疗约1000例。 自20世纪50年代中期以来，疟疾预防主要依靠氯喹，因为它的有效性，特别是它的低成本。 对氯喹的抗药性在世界不同地区已经普遍存在。 甲氟喹和奎宁已被广泛用于氯喹耐药地区，氯胍用于预防和治疗，但对这些药物的耐药性正在成为一个重大问题。 因此，迫切需要更有效和毒性更低的药物，特别是合理的药物，利用寄生虫独特的途径和目标。 恶性疟原虫是一种重要的红细胞内原生动物病原体，负责最严重的形式的人类疟疾。 该寄生虫在人类宿主中经历许多发育阶段，并在红细胞中无性繁殖以影响其临床症状和致命结果。 我实验室的研究重点是疟原虫如何应对不断变化的环境条件。 在培养中维持寄生虫是我们研究了解这种寄生虫的基本生物学和未来开发疫苗或新的抗疟药物的重要一步。GCRC通过抽取血液并将样本运送到研究实验室来支持研究。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Malaria is by far the world's most important tropical parasitic disease. It causes clinical illness in 300 million to 500 million people, 1.5 million to 2.7 million of whom die. Sub-saharian Africa remains the most malarious region in the world with ninety percent of cases and deaths, mostly among children, In this region, about 30% of outpatient consultations and up to 20% hospital admissions are due to malaria. This causes major disturbance in economic and social development. Malaria cases in the United States are linked to international tourism with about one thousand cases diagnosed and treated each year. Since the mid-1950's malaria prophylaxis has relied mostly on chloroquine because of its effectiveness and, notably its low cost. Chloroquine resistance has become widespread in different parts of the world. Mefloquine and quinine have been used extensively in areas of resistance to chloroquine, and proguanil for prophylaxis and treatment, but resistance to these drugs is becoming a substantial problem. The need for more efficacious and less toxic agents, particularly rational drugs that exploit pathways and targets unique to the parasite, is therefore acute. Plasmodium falciparum is an important intraerythrocytic protozoan pathogen, responsible for the most severe form of human malaria. The parasite undergoes a number of developmental stages in the human host and multiplies asexually in the red blood cell to effect its clinical symptoms and lethal outcome. Research in my laboratory focuses on how the malaria parasite responds to changing environmental conditions. Maintaining the parasite in culture is an essential step in our research toward understanding the basic biology of this parasite and future development of a vaccine or new antimalarial drugs. The GCRC supports the study by by drawing blood and transporting the sample to the research lab.